| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究喷施羧甲基纤维素铵（CMC-NH4）对土壤含水量和温度及苏丹草根系和产量的影响，为解决宁夏引黄灌区热量紧缺问题、保障后茬作物稳产增产提供技术支撑。【方法】在宁夏引黄灌区，以小麦收获后复种的苏丹草为材料，采用大田试验，设置喷施0 kg/hm2 (CK)、50 kg/hm2 (T1)、100 kg/hm2 (T2)、200 kg/hm2 (T3)和300 kg/hm2 (T4) CMC-NH4 5个处理，研究喷施CMC-NH4对土壤含水量和温度，以及苏丹草根系特征、株高和干草产量的影响，并分析了CMC-NH4喷施量与土壤含水量、温度及苏丹草生长指标和产量间的相关性。【结果】喷施CMC-NH4处理土壤含水量较对照显著提高2.82%~29.19%(P＜0.05)，且随着CMC-NH4喷施量的增加而增大。喷施CMC-NH4处理土壤温度较对照显著提高5.14%~31.82%，且随着CMC-NH4喷施量的增加而增大。在0~30 cm土层，与对照相比，喷施CMC-NH4处理苏丹草的根长、根直径、根表面积和根体积分别显著提高16.35%~ 65.52%，7.69%~30.77%，42.40%~93.85%和120.76%~229.90%；0~10 cm土层苏丹草根长、根直径、根表面积和根体积占0~30 cm土层的比例均最高，根长、根直径、根表面积和根体积分别较对照提高了21.21%~74.76%，9.68%~58.06%，61.95%~136.13%和122.60%~273.18%。与对照相比，喷施CMC-NH4处理苏丹草0~1.0 mm径级根长、根表面积和根体积显著提高，其中以0.6~1.0 mm径级根系增加幅度较大。喷施CMC-NH4处理苏丹草株高和干草产量较对照分别显著增加了9.34%~22.52%和55.50%~110.55%。相关性分析结果表明，CMC-NH4喷施量与土壤含水量、温度及苏丹草的根直径、体积和干草产量呈极显著正相关，与根长和根表面积呈显著正相关。【结论】在宁夏引黄灌区农田喷施CMC-NH4能够改善土壤水温状况，促进苏丹草根系生长，提高干草产量，当CMC-NH4喷施量为200 kg/hm2时效果最佳。 |
| 关键词: 羧甲基纤维素铵(CMC-NH4) 土壤水热效应 苏丹草 根系特征 干草产量 宁夏引黄灌区 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2019BBF02007) |
|
| Effect of spraying ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose on soil hydrothermal effects and root system and yield of forage Sudan grass |
|
YAN Xin,WANG Ying,WANG Yongjie,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of spraying ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH4) on soil moisture content and temperature as well as roots and yield of Sudan grass were studied to provide support for solving the problem of heat shortage in the Yellow River irrigation area in Ningxia and ensuring yield stability and increase of post-stubble crops.【Method】Sudan grass after wheat in the Yellow River irrigation area in Ningxia was sprayed with CMC-NH4 at concentrations of 0 (CK),50 (T1),100 (T2),200 (T3) and 300 kg/hm2 (T4).The effects of CMC-NH4 spraying on soil moisture content and temperature as well as root characteristics,plant height and hay yield of Sudan grass were studied and the correlations of spraying CMC-NH4 with soil water content,temperature growth index and yield of Sudan grass were analyzed.【Result】Spraying CMC-NH4 could significantly increase soil moisture by 2.82%-29.19% (P<0.05),and the influence increased with the increase of CMC-NH4 amount.Spraying CMC-NH4 significantly increased soil temperature by 5.14%-31.82%,and the effect increased with the increase of CMC-NH4 amount.In 0-30 cm soil layer,spraying CMC-NH4 significantly increased root length content by 16.35%-65.52%,root diameter by 7.69%-30.77%,root surface area by 42.40%-93.85% and root volume by 120.76%-229.90%.The 0-10 cm soil layer had the largest ratios with root length,root diameter,root surface area and root volume increases of 21.21%-74.76%,9.68%-58.06%,61.95%-136.13% and 122.60%-273.18%,respectively.Compared with the control,root length,root surface area and root volume of Sudan grass treated with CMC-NH4 in the diameter class of 0-1.0 mm were significantly increased with the largest increases in the diameter class of 0.6-1.0 mm.Spraying CMC-NH4 also significantly increased t plant height and hay yield of Sudan grass by 9.34%-22.52% and 55.50%-110.55%,respectively.【Conclusion】Spraying CMC-NH4 in the Yellow River irrigation area in Ningxia improved soil water content and temperature,promoted root system growth of Sudan grass and increased hay yield. The spraying amount of CMC-NH4 200 kg/hm2 obtained the best results. |
| Key words: ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-NH4) soil hydrothermal effect Sudan grass(Sorghum sudanense) root characteristics hay yield Yellow River irrigation area in Ningxia |
