| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对不同海拔赤霞珠葡萄果实品质的差异进行研究，为云南香格里拉干旱河谷产区酿酒葡萄栽培管理和不同海拔差异化葡萄酒产品的研发提供理论依据。【方法】以云南香格里拉干旱河谷产区的酿酒葡萄赤霞珠为试材，于成熟期采集葡萄果实样品，研究分析位于海拔1 987～2 288 m的7个葡萄园中赤霞珠果实生长发育指标（果皮厚度、百粒质量）、基本品质指标（可溶性固形物含量、还原糖含量、可滴定酸含量和pH值）以及果皮酚类物质含量的差异。【结果】除果皮厚度外，不同海拔赤霞珠葡萄果实的基本生理指标和多酚物质含量均差异显著。与中、高海拔相比，低海拔（1 987～2 085 m）葡萄园葡萄果实的还原糖、可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量较低，海拔1 987 m处葡萄果皮的总黄烷醇和总单宁含量较高，海拔2 085 m处葡萄果皮的总花色苷、总酚、总黄酮和总黄烷醇含量较低。在中海拔（2 101～2 192 m）葡萄园，随着海拔升高，葡萄果实的百粒质量降低，可滴定酸含量升高，其中海拔2 192 m葡萄果实的百粒质量较海拔2 085 m降低10.71%，可滴定酸含量较其提高76.50%；葡萄果皮总花色苷、总酚、总黄酮、酰化和非酰化单体花色苷含量均增加。在高海拔（2 201～2 288 m）葡萄园，随着海拔升高，葡萄果实的还原糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物和果皮总花色苷含量呈降低趋势，其中2 201 m海拔处葡萄果皮总花色苷和总黄酮含量明显高于其余海拔，较低海拔2 085 m葡萄分别提高了28.16%和28.10%。【结论】在云南香格里拉干旱河谷葡萄产区，海拔1 987～2 288 m赤霞珠葡萄果实品质存在显著差异，其中以生长于海拔2 192和2 201 m的赤霞珠葡萄果实品质较好。 |
| 关键词: 赤霞珠 葡萄品质 海拔高度 云南香格里拉 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31772258）；陕西省自然科学基金重点项目（2018JZ3003）；国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-29-zp-6） |
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| Grape quality differences at different altitudes in Shangri-La,Yunnan |
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ZHANG Kenan,CAO Jianhong,WANG Wen,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the differences of Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries at different altitudes to provide basis for grape cultivation management and development of differentiated wine products at different altitudes in the Shangri-La arid valley in Yunnan.【Method】Grape samples of wine grape Cabernet Sauvignon from the arid valley of Shangri-La in Yunnan were collected at the mature stage.The differences in growth indexes (pericarp thickness,hundred kernel weight),basic quality indexes (soluble solid content,reducing sugar content,titratable acid content and pH value) and phenolic content of grapes from 7 vineyards at altitudes from 1987 to 2 288 m were studied.【Result】Except skin thickness,basic physiological indexes and polyphenol contents of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes at different altitudes were significantly different. Contents of reducing sugar,titratable acid and soluble solid were lower in vineyards at low altitudes (1 987－2 085 m) compared with those at middle and high altitudes.Contents of total flavanols and total tannins in grape skins at 1 987 m were higher,while contents of total anthocyanins,total phenols,total flavonoids and total flavanols in grape skins at 2 085 m were lower.In the vineyards at middle altitudes (2 101－2 192 m),the hundred kernel weight of grapes decreased while titratable acid content increased with the increase of altitude. The hundred kernel weight of grapes at 2 192 m decreased by 10.71% and titratable acid content increased by 76.50% compared with those at low altitude of 2 085 m.Contents of total anthocyanins,total phenols,total flavonoids,acylated and non-acylated monomer anthocyanins in grape skins were increased.Contents of reducing sugar,titratable acid,soluble solids and total anthocyanins in grape skins decreased with the increase of altitude in high altitude (2 201 m－2 288 m) vineyards.Contents of total anthocyanins and total flavonoids in grape skins at 2 201 m were significantly higher than those at other altitudes,which were 28.16% and 28.10% higher than those at the elevation of 2 085 m.【Conclusion】There were significant differences in grape quality of Cabernet Sauvignon at altitudes from 1 987 to 2 288 m in the arid valley grape production region of Shangri-La,Yunnan.Cabernet Sauvignon grapes at altitudes of 2 192 and 2 201 m had better quality. |
| Key words: Cabernet Sauvignon grape quality altitude Shangri-La,Yunnan |
