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盐胁迫对唐古特白刺枝叶性状的影响
赵杏花1,2, 段 娜3, 张淑媛,等1,2
1.内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院;2.荒漠生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室;3.中国林业科学研究院 沙漠林业实验中心
摘要:
【目的】探索不同质量分数NaCl胁迫下唐古特白刺枝叶性状的动态变化规律,为唐古特白刺在植物治沙领域发挥优势作用提供理论基础。【方法】以唐古特白刺1年生扦插苗为研究对象,分别使用质量分数为0.4%,0.8%,1.2%,1.6%和2.0%的NaCl水溶液进行胁迫试验,以清水处理作为对照(CK),每处理10个重复。于胁迫处理10,30,50,70,90 d后,测定各处理唐古特白刺各级枝条的长度、节数、节间长度、基径、分枝角、分枝比,叶片长度、宽度、厚度、长宽比,观察解剖结构。【结果】(1)质量分数≤1.6%的NaCl胁迫处理对唐古特白刺枝条生长具有促进作用,但NaCl胁迫质量分数进一步升高时,唐古特白刺枝条生长开始受抑,甚至死亡。质量分数0.8% NaCl胁迫处理唐古特白刺枝条的分枝比和分枝角与CK相比明显增大。(2)盐胁迫使唐古特白刺叶片变小、变厚、长宽比减小,表皮细胞及角质层增厚、栅栏组织细胞层数增加、叶肉细胞排列紧密,栅海比和中脉维管束中导管数均随着NaCl胁迫质量分数增加而增大。(3)NaCl质量分数≥0.8%,唐古特白刺叶片出现“复表皮”现象,叶肉中出现黏液细胞。【结论】NaCl胁迫处理对唐古特白刺枝叶性状具有明显影响,且低质量分数NaCl对其枝条、叶片生长具有明显的促进作用,进而改变株丛形态;但质量分数≥1.6%,唐古特白刺生长受抑,甚至死亡。
关键词:  唐古特白刺  盐胁迫  枝条形态  叶片形态  叶片结构
DOI:
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基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2019ZD007)
Effect of NaCl stress on branch and leaf morphology and anatomical structure of Nitraria tangutorum
ZHAO Xinghua,DUAN Na,ZHANG Shuyuan,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This research aimed to reveal the dynamic changes rules of branches and leaves of Nitraria tangutorum under different concentrations of NaCl stress,and provide a theoretical basis for N. tangutorum to play a dominant role in the field of plant desertification control.【Method】In this study,control test with 0.4%,0.8%,1.2%,1.6% and 2.0% of NaCl salt stress was carried out to the annual seedlings of N. tangutorum by cutting propagation,treated with clean water as control (CK).10 repetitions in each treatment.After 10,30,50,70 and 90 days,the branch length,number of nodes, internode length,basal diameter,branch angle,branch ratio,and leaf length,width,thickness,length width ratio and anatomical structure of N. tangutorum have been measured. 【Result】(1) NaCl with concentration lower than 1.6% can promote the growth of N. tangutorum branches.The concentration increased further,and the growth of branches began to be inhibited or even died.Compared with CK,the branching ratio and branching angle of N. tangutorum treated with 0.8% NaCl increased obviously.(2) Salt stress made the leaves of N. tangutorum become smaller,thicker,and the length width ratio decreased,the epidermal cells and cuticle thickened,the number of palisade tissue cell layers increased,and the mesophyll cells arranged closely.The ratio of palisade to sponge tissue and the number of vessel in vascular bundle increased with the increase of NaCl stress concentration.(3) When the concentration of NaCl stress was higher than 0.8%,the “compound epidermis” phenomenon appeared in the leaves,and mucus cells appeared in the mesophyll.【Conclusion】NaCl salt stress had a significant effect on the branches and leaves of N. tangutorum.The growth of branches and leaves could be promoted treated by NaCl at low concentration,and the plant cluster type of N. tangutorum would be changed.However,if the concentration of NaCl is not lower than 1.6%,the growth of the branches and leaves would be inhibited or even died.
Key words:  Nitraria tangutorum  salt stress  branch morphology  leaf morphology  leaf anatomic structure