| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确引起吉林省长春市蓝莓茎褐斑病的病原种类及其侵染特征，筛选对其菌丝生长有显著抑制作用的杀菌剂，为蓝莓茎褐斑病的科学防治提供参考。【方法】采用组织分离法获得蓝莓茎褐斑病病原菌，根据柯赫氏法则对分离纯化的病原菌进行回接验证，通过形态学结合分子生物学方法对病原菌进行分类鉴定，采用石蜡切片法观察病原菌对蓝莓茎组织的侵染特征，用生长速率法筛选高效抑制病原菌生长的杀菌剂。【结果】据鉴定，引起长春市莲花山蓝莓褐斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢（Alternaria tenuissima）。细极链格孢仅通过伤口侵染蓝莓幼茎，对多年生老茎无致病作用，且细极链格孢菌丝侵入到蓝莓幼茎后仅沿着表皮及皮层组织细胞向前扩展，不能侵染其皮层以内的细胞。室内药剂筛选结果表明，供试8种杀菌剂对细极链格孢菌丝的生长均具有抑制作用，其中氟啶胺的抑制作用最强，EC50为0.442 2 mg/L；苯醚甲环唑抑菌活性次之，EC50值为0.721 4 mg/L。【结论】蓝莓茎褐斑病由细极链格孢侵染引起，其对蓝莓茎为弱寄生性，氟啶胺和苯醚甲环唑对细极链格孢具有良好的抑菌效果。 |
| 关键词: 蓝莓茎褐斑病 病原鉴定 细极链格孢 药剂筛选 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:吉林省教育厅科学技术研究规划项目（2021LY527L43） |
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| Identification of pathogen causing blueberry stem brown spot and screening of fungicides |
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SUN Can,JIN Zhengwen,ZHANG Zhibo,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study clarified the pathogen causing blueberry stem brown spot disease in Changchun and its infection characteristics and screened the fungicides with significant inhibitory effects on its mycelial growth to provide support for the scientific control of blueberry stem brown spot disease.【Method】The pathogen was obtained by tissue separation method and verified according to Koch’s rule.Then,the pathogen was identified by morphology combined with molecular biology methods.Sectioning with paraffin was used to observe the infection characteristics.The growth rate method was used to screen the pesticides with better control effect on blueberry stem brown spot disease.【Result】The pathogen was identified as Alternaria tenuissima in Lianhuashan,Changchun.A. tenuissima only infected the epidermal and cortical tissue cells of blueberry stems,but not the cells within cortical layer.The results of indoor screening showed that all eight agents had inhibitory effects on A. tenuissima.Fluazinam had the strongest inhibitory effect,with EC50 value of 0.442 2 mg/L,followed by difenoconazole with EC50 value of 0.721 4 mg/L.【Conclusion】Blueberry necrotic disease was caused by A. tenuissima with weak parasitic ability.Fluazinam and difenoconazole had good control effects. |
| Key words: blueberry stem brown spot pathogen identification Alternaria tenuissima fungicides screening |
