| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究支持物对炮仗花（Pyrostegia venusta）和鸡蛋果（Passiflora edulis）形态、生物量及生物量分配的影响，为其在垂直绿化中快速覆盖形成优美的园林景观提供理论依据。【方法】以炮仗花、鸡蛋果扦插苗为试验材料，以PVC管和竹竿为支持柱，并设置无绳索和3种间距（10，15，20 cm）的横向绳索供其攀援，以匍匐生长的植株为对照，分析不同支持物和绳索间距下植株的形态特征、生物量分配以及卷须构型的变化规律。【结果】① 无支持物时，2种藤本植物主茎显著（P＜0.05）缩短，卷须数减少。攀援无绳索的支持柱时，分枝数显著增多（P＜0.05），表明植株通过增加搜寻枝扩大对支持物的寻觅范围。炮仗花在绳索间距为10 cm时，主茎长度达到最大，生成的卷须最多；鸡蛋果在绳索间距为15 cm时，主茎最长，节间数和卷须数最多。② 2种藤本植物在无支持物时地上部生物量积累较少，表现出较高的根冠比。在网架上生长时，生物量积累随着绳索间距的增大呈现不同程度的升高，总生物量均在绳索间距为20 cm时达到最大。③ 卷须的抽生位置主要在网格中上部，受到绳索间距的极显著影响（P＜0.01）；卷须构型呈现由P型到S型的生长变化。炮仗花卷须以缠绕支持柱生长居多，且在绳索间距为10 cm时取得最佳攀援率；鸡蛋果卷须在绳索间距为10和15 cm时多为攀援态，绳索间距为20 cm时缠绕态比例增多，且在各绳索间距下攀援等级均为2级。【结论】2种藤本植物对不同支持物表现出相似的形态可塑性，卷须生长和生物量积累受绳索间距影响更大。园林应用中可选竹竿或PVC管作为支持柱，分别设置10和15 cm绳索间距供炮仗花、鸡蛋果攀援生长。 |
| 关键词: 垂直绿化 支持柱；藤本植物；卷须；生物量 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（32171852） |
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| Effects of supporting column and rope spacing on growth of two tendril lianas |
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SHAO Jingyu,QIN Haolin,WENG Shufei,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This paper investigated the effects of supports on morphology and biomass distribution of Pyrostegia venusta and Passiflora edulis to provide basis for its rapid climbing in vertical greening to form garden landscapes.【Method】The changes of morphological characteristics,biomass distribution and tendril configuration of one year old P. venusta and P. edulis cutting seedlings were investigated under no rope and three rope spacings (10 cm,15 cm and 20 cm) using PVC pipe and bamboo rod as columns.The creeping plants were used as control.【Result】① The tendril number and main stem length of two lianas were significantly reduced without support (P<0.05).For columns without rope,the branch number of lianas increased significantly (P<0.05),suggesting that plants expanded search range.When spacing was 10 cm,the main stem length of P. venusta reached the maximum and the tendril number was the largest.When spacing was 15 cm,the main stem length of P. edulis was the longest,and the numbers of internodes and tendril were the most.② The aboveground biomass of two lianas was less and the root-shoot ratio was higher without support.When growing on grids,the biomass accumulation of two lianas increased with the increase of rope spacing and the total biomass reached the maximum when spacing was 20 cm.③ The tendril grew in the upper part of grids and it was affected significantly by rope spacing (P<0.01).Tendril configuration changed from P type to S type during growth.Most tendrils of P. venusta twined around columns, and the best climbing rate was obtained when spacing was 10 cm.Most tendrils of P. edulis climbed columns with spacing of 10 and 15 cm.The winding tendril proportion of P. edulis increased under 20 cm spacing,and the climbing grade was 2 at all spacings.【Conclusion】Two lianas showed similar morphological plasticity to different supports.Tendril growth and biomass accumulation were more affected by rope spacing.It is suitable to select bamboo or PVC pipe as columns with 10 and 15 cm rope spacing for better growth of P. venusta and P. edulis,respectively. |
| Key words: vertical greening supporting column liana tendril biomass |
