| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同氮、磷、钾水平下硫肥对春玉米产量及硫素在春玉米地上部分积累转化规律的影响,为玉米栽培中合理施用硫肥提供理论依据。【方法】在田间试验的条件下，以“富民985”春玉米品种为试验材料，采用双因素裂区设计，其中主区为氮、磷、钾肥高（H：N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为280，120，120 kg/hm2）、中（M：N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为210，90，90 kg/hm2）、低（L：N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为140，60，60 kg/hm2）3个施用水平，副区为施硫（S6，纯硫 60 kg/hm2）和不施硫（S0）2个水平，共设6个施肥处理，分别为LS0（低氮、磷、钾水平+不施硫）、LS6（低氮、磷、钾水平+硫肥）、MS0（中氮、磷、钾水平+不施硫）、MS6（中氮、磷、钾水平+硫肥）、HS0（高氮、磷、钾水平+不施硫）、HS6（高氮、磷、钾水平+硫肥），研究在不同氮、磷、钾水平下施用硫肥对春玉米产量以及各器官硫素积累转化的影响。【结果】相同氮、磷、钾水平下，施硫处理春玉米千粒质量、穗粒数、产量较不施硫处理平均增加了3.37%，2.67%和6.03%，其中HS6处理各指标均最高。低、中、高氮、磷、钾水平下，硫肥的增产率分别是7.72%，5.90%和4.48%，可知硫肥的增产效果随着氮、磷、钾肥施用水平的提高逐渐减小。施硫处理春玉米地上部分硫素积累量比不施硫处理平均提高了7.55%，其中完熟期HS6处理的春玉米地上部分硫素积累量最高（24.05 kg/hm2）。低、中、高氮、磷、钾水平下，施用硫肥处理春玉米地上部分总硫素积累量分别增加了8.85%，7.21%和6.58%，硫肥对硫素积累的促进效果逐渐减小。在同一氮、磷、钾水平下，施硫处理的硫素总转运量较不施硫处理平均提高了3.35%，其中HS6处理硫素总转运量最高（11.96 kg/hm2）；在相同施硫量条件下，硫素总转运率和对籽粒的总贡献率随着氮、磷、钾肥施用水平的提高而降低；同一氮、磷、钾水平下，施硫处理以上2个指标小于不施硫处理。【结论】在同一氮、磷、钾水平下，施用硫肥可以显著提高春玉米的产量，并促进春玉米对硫素的积累及营养器官中的硫素向籽粒中转运，但随着氮、磷、钾施用水平的提高，硫肥的促进作用逐渐降低。 |
| 关键词: 春玉米 硫肥施用 土壤肥力调控 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300604) |
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| Effect of sulfur fertilizer on accumulation and transformation of sulfur in spring maize at different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels |
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LI Hao,GENG Yuhui,CAO Guojun,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the effect of sulfur fertilizer application on yield as well as accumulation and transformation of sulfur in aboveground parts of spring maize at different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,so as to provide theoretical basis for the rational application of sulfur fertilizer in maize cultivation.【Method】The spring maize variety of “Fumin 985” was selected for two-way split zone design win field experiments.The main areas included high (H:N,P2O5 and K2O were 280，120 and 120 kg/hm2),medium (M:N,P2O5 and K2O were 210，90 and 90 kg/hm2) and low (L:N,P2O5 and K2O were 140，60 and 60 kg/hm2) levels of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,while the secondary areas included two levels of sulfur application (S6:S was 60 kg/hm2) and no sulfur (S0).Six fertilization treatments were LS0 (low nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium level+no sulfur application),LS6 (low nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium level+sulfur fertilizer),MS0 (medium nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium level+no sulfur application),MS6 (medium nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels+sulfur fertilizer),HS0 (high nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels+no sulfur application),and HS6 (high nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels+sulfur fertilizers).【Result】At same nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,the quality,number of spikes and yield of spring maize treated with sulfur increased by 3.37%,2.67% and 6.03% and HS6 treatment was the highest.At low,medium and high nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,the maize yields with sulfur fertilizer increased by 7.72%,5.90% and 4.48%,respectively.The yield increasing effect of sulfur fertilizer gradually decreased with the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.The accumulation of sulfur in aboveground parts of spring maize increased by 7.55% compared with non sulfur treatment,and HS6 had the highest value of 24.05 kg/hm2 at maturity.At low,medium and high nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,the total sulfur accumulation in aboveground parts treated with sulfur fertilizer increased by 8.85%,7.21% and 6.58%,respectively,and the promotion effect decreased gradually.At same nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,the total transport amounts of sulfur treated with sulfur was increased by 3.35%,and HS6 had the highest value of 11.96 kg/hm2.At same sulfur application levels,the total transport rates of sulfur and total contribution rates of grains decreased with the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus potassium levels.At same nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,the above indicators of sulfur treatments were less than those of non sulfur treatments.【Conclusion】At same nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels,the application of sulfur fertilizer significantly increased the yield of spring maize and promoted the accumulation and transfer of sulfur to grains.The promotion effect of sulfur fertilizer gradually decreased with the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels. |
| Key words: spring corn sulfur fertilizer application soil fertility regulation |
