| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同磷肥品种及施用方式对灌耕风沙土磷素形态及有效性的影响，为不同磷肥在土壤中的合理施用提供理论依据。【方法】利用灌耕风沙土进行为期120 d的室内土壤培养试验，试验共设6个处理，分别为不施磷肥对照(CK)、重过磷酸钙基施(TSP)、磷酸一铵基施(MAP-B)、聚磷酸铵基施(APP-B)、磷酸一铵滴施(MAP-D)和聚磷酸铵滴施(APP-D)，分别测定不同处理土壤有效磷和各形态无机磷的含量，并分析120 d时土壤有效磷与各形态无机磷含量的相关性。【结果】在0~5 cm土层，磷肥滴施处理（MAP-D、APP-D）的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理；而在5~10和10~20 cm土层，磷肥基施处理（TSP、MAP-B和APP-B）的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。与CK和APP-D处理相比，TSP、MAP-B和APP-B处理均显著增加了0~20 cm土层有效磷含量，但这3种磷肥处理间无显著差异。与CK相比，施磷处理均能不同程度地增加各土层土壤无机磷总量。0~5 cm土层MAP-D和APP-D处理无机磷总量显著高于5~10和10~20 cm土层，而TSP、MAP-B和APP-B处理对0~20 cm土层土壤的无机磷总量无显著影响。磷肥滴施处理下，Ca2-P、Ca8-P和Al-P的比例随土层深度的增加而降低，而磷肥基施处理能显著提高耕层土壤中Ca8-P和Al-P的比例。在0~5 cm土层，土壤有效磷含量与Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P和Ca10-P含量之间呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)；在5~10和10~20 cm土层，土壤有效磷含量与Ca2-P、Al-P和Fe-P含量之间呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)。【结论】在本试验土壤条件下，磷肥滴施处理后仅能显著提高0~5 cm土层土壤有效磷含量，而磷肥基施处理可以提高整个耕层（0~20 cm）土壤中的有效磷含量，建议滴灌棉田通过基施价格相对较低的重过磷酸钙，可以人为扩展磷肥在土壤中的分布深度。 |
| 关键词: 磷肥品种 施磷方式 有效磷 无机磷形态 风沙土 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200205-6)；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“棉花农药化肥减量增效技术集成与应用”(2020A01002-3)；新疆维吾尔自治区天山雪松计划项目(2020XS05)；新疆维吾尔自治区研究生创新项目(XJ2021G166) |
|
| Effects of phosphate fertilizer application on phosphorus content and forms in aeolian sandy soil under irrigated tillage |
|
WANG Xueyan,WANG Yuying,GONG Huidie,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the effects of different varieties of phosphate fertilizers and application methods on forms and availability of phosphorus in irrigated aeolian sandy soil to provide support for rational application of phosphate fertilizers.【Method】In this paper,the indoor soil culture experiment including six treatments with irrigated aeolian sandy soil was carried out for 120 days.The treatments included control without P fertilizer (CK),basal application of triple superphosphate (TSP),mono ammonium phosphate (MAP-B) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP-B),drip application of mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP-D) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP-D).The changes of soil available P and inorganic P forms under different treatments were measured,and the correlation between soil available P and inorganic P forms at 120 days was analyzed.【Result】In 0-5 cm soil layer,the available P content of drip application of phosphate fertilizer (MAP-D and APP-D) was significantly higher than that of other treatments.The soil available P content of basal application of phosphate fertilizer treatments (TSP,MAP-B and APP-B) was significantly higher than that of other treatments in the 5-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers (P<0.05).Compared with CK and APP-D treatments,TSP,MAP-B and APP-B treatments significantly increased available P content in 0-20 cm soil layer,without significant difference among these three treatments.Compared with CK,each phosphorus application treatment increased the total inorganic phosphorus of each soil layer to different degrees.The total inorganic phosphorus in 0-5 cm soil layer under MAP-D and APP-D treatments was significantly higher than that in 5-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers,while TSP,MAP-D and APP-D treatments had no significant effect on the total inorganic phosphorus in 0-20 cm soil layer.The ratios of Ca2-P,Ca8-P and Al-P decreased with the increase of soil depth under the drip application of phosphate fertilizer,while the ratios of Ca8-P and Al-P in topsoil were significantly increased under the base application of phosphate fertilizer.In 0-5 cm soil layer,soil available P content had significantly positive correlation with Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Al-P and Ca10-P contents (P<0.05).There was significantly positive correlations between soil available P content and Ca2-P,Al-P and Fe-P contents in 5-10 and 10―20 cm soil layers (P<0.05).【Conclusion】Under the soil conditions of this experiment,the available P content in 0-5 cm soil layer was only significantly increased after drip application of phosphate fertilizer.The basal application of phosphate fertilizer increased the available phosphorus content in the whole plough layer (0-20 cm).The basal application of triple superphosphate with low cost is suggested in drip irrigation cotton field to artificially extend the depth of phosphate fertilizer distribution. |
| Key words: phosphate fertilizer varieties application method of phosphate fertilizer available phosphorus inorganic phosphorus forms aeolian sandy soil |
