| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究代森锌及其代谢物乙撑硫脲（ETU）在芒果中的残留动态，评估其通过膳食途径摄入的风险。【方法】基于代森锌酸解会产生二硫化碳（CS2）这一原理，分别用气相色谱(GC)、液相色谱 串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)及优化的样品前处理技术，建立芒果中代森锌（以CS2表示，下同）及其代谢物ETU的检测方法。参照有关试验标准，于2017年在海南海口、广西南宁、云南玉溪、福建宁德、广东肇庆、广东惠州6个芒果主要种植区分别进行代森锌及ETU的消解动态和最终残留试验，并对其在芒果中的膳食风险进行评估。【结果】代森锌添加水平为1.8 mg/kg时，其在芒果全果、果肉空白样品中的转化率分别为94%和97%；代森锌添加水平为0.1～2.0 mg/kg时，其在芒果全果、果肉中的平均回收率分别为92.2%～102.3%和91.2%～100.0%，相对标准偏差分别为3.2%～6.3%和0.6%～3.9%，定量限为0.1 mg/kg。ETU添加水平为0.01～0.5 mg/kg时，其在芒果全果、果肉中的平均回收率分别为93.4%～97.9%和92.3%～99.2%，相对标准偏差分别为5.9%～8.3%和2.1%～5.7%，定量限为0.01 mg/kg。云南玉溪和广东肇庆的消解动态试验结果显示，代森锌在芒果上的半衰期分别为6.30和2.04 d，代森锌和ETU在芒果果肉中均未检出，其残留值均小于定量限；芒果全果中ETU的残留量小于CS2的残留量，并且残留中值和残留最大值均以ETU的较小。末次施药10 d后，芒果全果中代森锌和ETU的残留量分别为<0.10～1.51和<0.010～0.024 mg/kg；末次施药14 d后，芒果全果中两者的残留量分别为<0.10～1.55和<0.010～0.012 mg/kg；末次施药21 d后，芒果全果中两者的残留量分别为<0.10～0.29和<0.010 mg/kg。膳食风险评估结果表明，代森锌在芒果全果中的国家估算每日摄入量为1.56～3.14 mg，风险概率为82.3%～166.0%。【结论】代森锌（以CS2表示）在芒果中的最大残留限量值为5 mg/kg。 |
| 关键词: 农药残留 代森锌 乙撑硫脲 芒果 膳食风险评估 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFC1605204）；2020年农业部农业行业标准制定和修订项目(14202020) |
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| Residue and dietary risk assessment of zineb and its metabolite etylenethiourea in Mangifera indica L. |
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ZHU Fuwei,YE Qian,HUANG Congling,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the changes in residues of zineb and its metabolite etylenethiourea (ETU) in Mangifera indica L. and assessed the risk of ingestion through diet.【Method】Based on the principle of CS2 expressed by acid hydrolysis of zineb,CS2 was analyzed to determinate residues of zineb and ETU in M. indica L. using optimized sample pretreatment technology with GC and LC-MS/MS.According to relevant test guidelines,the standard field trials of dynamic digestion test and final residue test of zineb and ETU were carried out in six main cultivation areas of mango including Haikou in Hainan,Nanning in Guangxi,Yuxi in Yunnan,Ningde in Fujian as well as Zhaoqing and Huizhou in Guangdong in 2017.Meanwhile,the dietary risk of zineb and ETU in M.indica L.was assessed.【Result】At 1.8 mg/kg,the transformation rates of zineb in blank samples of whole fruit and pulp were 94% and 97%.In the range of 0.1-2.0 mg/kg,the average recovery rates of zineb in the whole fruit and pulp were 92.2%-102.3% and 91.2%-100.0% at LOQ of 0.1 mg/kg,with RSDs of 3.2%-6.3% and 0.6%-3.9%,respectively.In the range of 0.01-0.5 mg/kg,the average recovery rates of ETU in whole fruit and pulp were 93.4%-97.9% and 92.3%-99.2% at LOQ of 0.01 mg/kg with RSDs of 5.9%-8.3% and 2.1%-5.7%,respectively.The dynamic digestion test in Yuxi and Zhaoqing showed that the half-life of zineb in M. indica L.was 6.30 and 2.04 d, respectively.Zineb and ETU were not detected in the pulp with residual values less than LOQ.The residual value of ETU was less than that of CS2,and ETU also had smaller median and maximum values.After the last spray,the residues of zineb and ETU in whole fruits were <0.10-1.51 mg/kg and <0.010-0.024 mg/kg after 10 days,they were <0.10-1.55 mg/kg and <0.010-0.012 mg/kg after 14 days,and they were <0.10-0.29 mg/kg and <0.010 mg/kg after 21 days.The NEDI of zineb was 1.56-3.14 mg and the risk probability was 82.3%-166.0%.【Conclusion】The MRL of zineb (as CS2) in M. indica L. was 5 mg/kg. |
| Key words: pesticide residue zineb etylenethiourea Mangifera indica L. dietary risk assessment |
