| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究科尔沁沙地生境下不同饲用燕麦品种的干物质积累和氮素吸收利用效率对氮素水平的响应，为该地区饲用燕麦高产栽培及氮肥利用率的提高提供依据。【方法】以燕王、牧王、甜燕1号和牧乐思4个饲用燕麦品种为材料，研究不同施氮水平（0，100，200，300 kg/hm2，依次用N0、N100、N200、N300表示）对其生物量、氮素吸收和分配以及氮肥利用率的影响。【结果】1）随着施氮量的增加，燕王和牧王茎、叶、穗及全株干物质积累呈先增加后降低的变化趋势，且均以N200处理燕麦干物质积累显著高于其他处理；甜燕1号和牧乐思茎、叶、穗及全株干物质积累则逐渐增加，均以N300处理最高，且显著高于其他氮肥处理。2）随着施氮量的增加，4个饲用燕麦品种茎、叶、穗及全株的氮素含量均呈先增加后降低的变化趋势，且均在N200处理下氮素含量最高。3）燕王和牧王茎、叶、穗和全株及甜燕1号茎、叶、穗的氮素积累量均在N200处理下最高。4）在N200处理下，甜燕1号和牧乐思的氮素干物质生产率（NDMPE）高于燕王和牧王，但其干物质生产效率（DMPE）、氮素农艺效率（NAE）、氮素表观回收率（NRE）均低于燕王和牧王，在N300处理下，甜燕1号和牧乐思的DMPE和NAE则高于燕王和牧王。【结论】燕王和牧王属于低氮高效型饲用燕麦品种，甜燕1号和牧乐思属于高氮高效型饲用燕麦品种。在科尔沁沙地生境下，燕王和牧王的氮肥适宜施用量为200 kg/hm2，甜燕1号和牧乐思的氮肥适宜施用量为300 kg/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 施氮水平 饲用燕麦 干物质积累 氮素利用率 沙地生境 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技储备项目(2018MDCB032)；内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2019MS03075）；内蒙古民族大学科学研究项目（NMDYB17148） |
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| Effect of nitrogen application level on dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption and utilization of different forage oats in sandy habitat |
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ZHANG Yuxia,WANG Xin,ZHANG Qingxin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the response of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency of forage oat varieties to nitrogen level in Horqin sandy land to provide basis for high-yield cultivation and nitrogen utilization efficiency of forage oat in this area.【Method】Four forage oat varieties including Yanwang,Muwang,Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi were selected to analyze the effects of different nitrogen application levels (0,100,200 and 300 kg/hm2,expressed as N0,N100,N200 and N300,respectively) on biomass,nitrogen uptake and distribution as well as nitrogen use efficiency.【Result】1) With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the dry matter accumulation of stem,leaf,ear and whole plant of Yanwang and Muwang increased at first and then decreased, and the dry matter accumulation of N200 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments.The dry matter accumulation of stem,leaf,ear and whole plant of Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi increased gradually,and N300 treatment had significantly higher value than that of other treatments.2) With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the nitrogen contents of stem,leaf,ear and whole plant of the four forage oat varieties increased at first and then decreased with the highest in N200 treatments.3) Nitrogen accumulation in stem,leaf,ear and whole plant of Yanwang and Muwang and that in stem,leaf and ear of Tianyan No.1 peaked in the N200 treatments.4) In the N200 treatments,the nitrogen dry matter production efficiency (NDMPE) of Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi was higher than that of Yanwang and Muwang,but the dry matter production efficiency (DMPE),nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) and nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency (NRE) of Yanwang and Muwang were higher than that of Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi.In the N300 treatments,DMPE and NAE of Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi were higher than those of Yanwang and Muwang.【Conclusion】Yanwang and Muwang were the type of low nitrogen and high efficiency,while Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi were the type of high nitrogen and high efficiency.In Horqin sandy land,the suitable nitrogen application rate was 200 kg/hm2 for Yanwang and Muwang and 300 kg/hm2 for Tianyan No.1 and Mulesi. |
| Key words: nitrogen application level feed oats dry matter accumulation nitrogen utilization efficiency sandy habitat |
