| 摘要: |
| 【目的】调查新疆乌鲁木齐市售畜禽肉中大肠杆菌的耐药性及其所携带的耐药基因情况，为肉类食品的耐药性监测及防控提供依据。【方法】从乌鲁木齐市7区19家超市采集畜禽肉样品353份，其中鸡肉90份、猪肉90份、牛肉84份、羊肉89份，对采集的肉类样品进行大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定。用麦康凯琼脂培养基和科玛嘉尿道菌群定位显色培养基对菌株进行初步筛选分离，用特异性16S rDNA法鉴定大肠杆菌。通过PCR对分离菌株进行系统发育分群，采用K B纸片琼脂扩散法测定分离菌株的耐药表型，PCR扩增法获得相应的耐药基因并测序。【结果】从乌鲁木齐市353份市售畜禽肉样中分离鉴定得到大肠杆菌252株。系统发育分群结果显示，分离的252株大肠杆菌菌株以A群（79.4%）为主，其次是B1群（12.3%）。耐药表型测定结果表明，大肠杆菌对四环素（49.6%）、氨苄西林（41.6%）、复方新诺明（30.9%）和氯霉素(26.6%)的耐药率较高；而对阿米卡星（1.9%）、多粘菌素B（0.8%）和氨苄西林-舒巴坦（0.4%）的耐药率较低。耐药基因tetA、blaTEM、cml1、aadA1、aac、sul1和blaCTX-M的检出率分别为90.4%，32.1%，31.3%，27.4%，14.5%，12.8%和9.2%，未检出tetE、tetG和blaSHV基因。【结论】乌鲁木齐市售畜禽肉存在严重的大肠杆菌污染问题，畜禽肉作为多重耐药菌的“储存库”，在细菌耐药性的播散中发挥重要作用，应加以重视。 |
| 关键词: 畜禽肉 大肠杆菌；耐药性；系统进化分群；乌鲁木齐 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31960695）；自治区高层次人才引进工程项目(XJGCC2018080)；新疆农业大学博士后科研流动站资助项目(XJAU201807)；新疆农业大学2020年度校级大学生创新项目(XJAUDC201912) |
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| Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli from retail livestock and chicken meat in Urumqi |
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TANG Xuelin,TONG Panpan,ZHANG Mengmeng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated antibiotic resistance and drug resistant gene profiles of Escherichia coli from retail livestock and chicken meat in Urumqi,Xinjiang to provide basis for prevention and control of resistance surveillance of meat products.【Method】E. coli was isolated from retail livestock and chicken meat samples in different regional fresh nineteen supermarkets in seven districts of Urumqi,including chicken (n=90),pork (n=90),beef (n=84) and mutton (n=89).Those isolates were screened and isolated by McConkey medium and CHROMagarTMOrientation,and identified by specific 16S rDNA.The phylogenetic groups of isolates were analyzed using multiplex PCR,resistance of isolates was determined by K-B disk diffusion method,and corresponding resistant genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced.【Result】A total of 252 strains were isolated from 353 meat samples.The phylogenetic group analysis showed a domination by group A (79.4%),followed by B1 (12.3%).The resistance phenotypes test showed that those strains were highly resistant to tetracycline (49.6%),ampicillin (41.6%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (30.9%) and chloroamphenicol (26.6%), but were less resistant to amikacin (1.9%),polymyxin B (0.8%) and ampicillin sulbactam (0.4%).The detection of drug resistance genes of tetA，blaTEM，cml1，aadA1，aac,sul1 and blaCTX-M were 90.4%,32.1%,31.3%,27.4%,14.5%,12.8% and 9.2%,respectively,whereas tetE、tetG、blaSHV were not detected.【Conclusion】The contamination of E.coli was serious in commercial livestock and chicken meat in Urumqi.More attention should be paid to retail meat,which plays an important role in spread of bacterial resistance. |
| Key words: livestock and chicken meat Escherichia coli antimicrobial resistance phylogenetic group Urumqi |
