| 摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选最佳的微生物菌剂，满足有机栽培番茄对养分的需求，为促进番茄优质高产提供参考。【方法】以巴宝莉番茄为试材，采用有机基质盆栽浇灌有机营养液的方式，设置施用7种微生物菌剂和不施微生物菌剂（对照，CK）共8个处理，分析不同处理有机基质养分含量、酶活性和蕃茄光合特性等指标，探究微生物菌剂对设施全有机番茄果实元素含量、产量和品质的影响。【结果】与对照相比，添加微生物菌剂后有机基质中碱解氮含量和番茄生育中后期速效钾含量增加，复合微生物菌剂处理后番茄果实的全氮、全磷、全钾含量显著高于其他处理；有机基质中脲酶、蔗糖酶活性分别提高16.4%～67.7%和10.2%～61.7%，番茄叶片的净光合速率增加8.0%～19.9%，叶绿素含量也显著增加，其中以复合微生物菌剂处理光合性能最优；番茄的产量增幅为7.3%～26.2%，胶冻样芽孢杆菌和复合微生物菌剂的增产效果达到20%以上；番茄果实果形指数，可溶性固形物、还原糖以及维生素C含量显著增加。【结论】微生物菌剂通过促进有机基质的养分释放及提高相关酶系活性，进而促进番茄植株的养分利用与生长能力，提高叶片的光合性能，最终表现为产量和品质的提升，其中胶冻样芽孢杆菌和复合微生物菌剂对于番茄的丰产增质效果最优，可应用于番茄的高产优质栽培。 |
| 关键词: 番茄栽培 微生物菌剂 有机基质 有机营养液 设施园艺 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目（2019TSLNY01-01）；青海省科技计划项目（2018-NK-123） |
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| Effects of microbial agents on nutrient transformation,yield and quality of tomato with organic nutrition cultivation |
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WANG Guipeng,MA Lele,FAN Binghua,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study screened best microbial agents to meet nutrient requirements of organically cultivated tomatoes to provide references for promoting high quality and high yield tomatoes.【Method】In this study,Burberry tomato was potted with organic medium and irrigated with organic nutrient solution.A total of 7 treatments with microbial agents and 1 treatment without agents (control,CK) were applied.By analyzing medium nutrient content,medium enzyme activity,plant photosynthetic characteristics and other indicators,the effects of microbial agents on elements accumulation,yield and quality of greenhouse organic tomato fruits were explored.【Result】Compared with CK,adding microbial agents increased content of alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen in the whole growth period and content of available potassium in middle and late growth stages of in organic medium.The treatment with compound microbial agents had significantly higher contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in fruit than other treatments.Activities of urease and invertase were increased by 16.4%-67.7% and 10.2%-61.7% respectively.Net photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves was increased by 8.0%-19.9%,and chlorophyll content was increased significantly with best photosynthetic characteristics in treatment of compound microbial agents. Yield of tomato was increased from 7.3% to 26.2%,and treatments with jelly like Bacillus agents and compound microbial agents had the largest increase of more than 20%.Fruit shape index,soluble solids,reducing sugar and vitamin C content were also increased significantly.【Conclusion】Microbial agents promoted nutrient release of organic medium and increased activities of related enzymes,thereby promoting nutrient utilization and growth ability of tomato plants,improving photosynthetic characteristics of leaves,and ultimately improving yield and quality.Jelly like Bacillus and compound microbial agent had the best effect on high yield and quality of tomatoes,and they can be applied to cultivation of tomatoes with high yield and quality. |
| Key words: tomato cultivation microbial agents organic medium organic nutrient solution protect horticulture |
