| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究哈尔滨地区短毛独活白粉病的发生流行动态，为有效防控短毛独活白粉病的发生提供理论依据。【方法】以1年生和2年生短毛独活为试材，分别于2018年和2019年在东北农业大学向阳基地调查短毛独活白粉病发生流行情况，并结合寄主生长发育阶段和气象因素分析白粉病流行动态。【结果】短毛独活白粉病的时间流行动态曲线符合近“S”型曲线，短毛独活白粉病发生时期为6月初-8月底，主要发生在植株的生殖生长期。6月上旬为短毛独活白粉病发生的初侵染期，子囊孢子遇适宜环境条件成熟后侵染；之后初侵染病斑不断产生分生孢子，随雨水和气流传播，至7月上旬达到病害发生的指数增长期。白粉病盛发期集中在7月上旬至7月末，侵染病斑大量产孢，病情迅速增长。7月末进入病害发生的衰退期，病情增长缓慢，发病率和病情指数均达到最高。寄主的生长发育期和温度、湿度、降雨量等气象因子均极大影响了病害的发生流行。在空间上，短毛独活白粉病传播区域不规则，在东北方向和正南方向传播距离较远，发病较严重，且风向和风速极大影响了白粉病的空间传播。【结论】露地栽培条件下，短毛独活白粉病的发生流行可划分为3个阶段，6月上旬至7月上旬为白粉病发生的初侵染期和指数增长期，7月上旬至7月末为白粉病的盛发期，7月末进入白粉病的衰退期。在短毛独活白粉病空间流行中，病原菌在东北方向传播距离最远，发病最严重。 |
| 关键词: 短毛独活 白粉病 病害流行动态 哈尔滨 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划子课题资助项目(2016YFC0500307-06） |
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| Epidemic dynamics and impact factors of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew in Harbin |
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LIU Hanbing,CHEN Yingtong,ZHANG Jing,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the epidemic dynamics of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew in Harbin to provide guides for controlling occurrences of H. moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew effectively.【Method】Using annual and biennial H.moellendorffii Hance as material,the epidemic dynamics of H.moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew on the Xiangyang base of the Northeast Agricultural University in 2018 and 2019 were studied combining with climatic factors and development stages.【Result】The “S” curve was the best fit to temporal dynamics of H.moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew.The occurrence time of powder mildew was from early June to late August,mainly in reproductive growth stage of H.moellendorffii Hance.Early June was the primary infection stage of powdery mildew,and asco-spores matured and infected leaves under suitable conditions.Then primarily infected leaves produced conidia consistently,which were dispersed with rainwater and airflow.Early July was the exponential growth period of disease occurrence.The disease peak period was from early July to late July,and most infected leaves produced large amount of conidia that caused rapid disease increase.Since late July,the disease increased slowly,and disease incidence and index reached peaks.The growth and development stages of host and climatic factors including temperature,humidity and precipitation influenced disease epidemic dynamics greatly.The spread area of disease was irregular spatially.The disease was more serious and spreading more distance to northeast and south,and wind direction and speed affected spatial prevalence greatly.【Conclusion】The temporal prevalence of H.moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew was divided into three stages in open fields.The primary infection stage and the exponential growth period were from early June to early July,the disease peak period was from early July to late July,and the disease increased slowly since late July.Spatially,the disease spread more distance and was more serious to northeast. |
| Key words: Heracleum moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew epidemic dynamics Harbin |
