| 摘要: |
| 【目的】全面评价簇蕊金花茶叶片的营养价值，为簇蕊金花茶资源的保护和开发利用提供参考。【方法】以簇蕊金花茶叶片为研究对象，采用国家标准方法对其基本营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质元素及维生素含量进行测定，并根据氨基酸评分（AAS）、化学评分（CS）和必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）对其营养品质进行评价。【结果】簇蕊金花茶叶片中灰分、粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量分别为118.0，43.7和76.2 g/kg，均高于毛瓣金花茶、金花茶、显脉金花茶、实生金花茶和嫁接金花茶；粗纤维含量较高，为188.0 g/kg。簇蕊金花茶叶片氨基酸种类齐全，必需氨基酸与氨基酸总量的比值为0.38，必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值为0.61，天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和丝氨酸等鲜味氨基酸含量较高，占氨基酸总量的31.63%；第一、二限制性氨基酸分别为甲硫氨酸+胱氨酸（Met+Cys）和缬氨酸（Val）。簇蕊金花茶叶片富含不饱和脂肪酸，其占脂肪酸总量的54.19%，其中亚油酸、亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸等多不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的42.94%。此外，簇蕊金花茶叶片还富含K、Ca、Mg、Na、P等常量元素及Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、Se等微量元素，尤其是K、Ca、Fe等的含量分别为11 200，34 000和106.33 mg/kg，高于大部分金花茶组植物；且Pb、As和Cd等限量元素的含量分别为0.66，0.16和0.02 mg/kg，Hg未检出，符合国家和农业行业标准。同时，簇蕊金花茶还含有较为丰富的β-胡萝卜素、VC、VE和烟酸等维生素，含量分别达到11.8，300.3，92.9和64.8 mg/kg。【结论】簇蕊金花茶叶片是一种富含蛋白、不饱和脂肪酸、矿物质元素的可食用植物资源，具有较高的营养保健价值。 |
| 关键词: 簇蕊金花茶 营养评价 营养品质 茶保健价值 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:云南省农业基础研究联合专项（2017FG001-084）；云南省卓越工程师教育培养计划项目（514006110） |
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| Nutritional analysis and evaluation of Camellia fascicularis leaves |
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LIU Yun,ZHAO Ping,BIAN Jiating,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The present study comprehensively evaluated nutritional value of Camellia fascicularis leaves to provide reference for protection,development and utilization of C. fascicularis resources.【Method】Basic nutrients,amino acids,fatty acids,mineral elements and vitamins of C. fascicularis leaves were determined by national standard methods.The amino acid score (AAS),chemical sore (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI) were used to evaluate its nutritional quality.【Result】Contents of ash,crude fat and crude protein in C. fascicularis leaves were 118.0,43.7 and 76.2 g/kg,which were higher than those of C. pubipetala,C. nitidissima,C. euphlebia,C. nitidissima and grafted C. nitidissimain.Crude fiber in C. fascicularis leaves was also high with the value of 188.0 g/kg.C. fascicularis leaves contained a variety of amino acids with total essential amino acids to total amino acids ratio of 0.38 and total essential amino acids to total nonessential amino acids ratio of 0.61.Umami amino acids such as Asp,Glu and Ser were high in contents with the ratio to total amino acids of 31.63%.According to AAS and CS,Met+Cys were the first limited amino acids,followed by Val.C. fascicularis leaves were rich in unsaturated fatty acids with the ratio to total fatty acids of 54.19%,and polyunsaturated fatty acids including linoleic acid,linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid accounted for 42.94% of total fatty acids.In addition,C. fascicularis leaves were rich in minerals,including major elements of K,Ca,Mg,Na and P as well as trace elements of Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn and Se.Particularly,contents of K,Ca and Fe were 11 200,34 000 and 106.33 mg/kg,higher than most Chrysantha leaves.Contents of Pb,As and Cd in C. fascicularis leaves were 0.66,0.16 and 0.02 mg/kg,which were within agricultural and national standards in China,while Hg was not detected.C. fascicularis leaves were also rich in vitamins,and β-carotene,VC,VE and nicotinic acid contents were 11.8,300.3,92.9 and 64.8 mg/kg,respectively.【Conclusion】C. fascicularis is an edible plant resource with high protein,high unsaturated fatty acids and high mineral elements in leaves.Thus,it has high nutrition and health care value. |
| Key words: Camellia fascicularis nutritional evaluation nutritional quality tea health value |
