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黑木耳菌株农艺性状评价与遗传差异分析
宋吉玲1, 陆 娜1, 闫 静,等1
杭州市农业科学研究院
摘要:
【目的】对黑木耳菌株进行农艺性状评价与遗传差异分析,筛选不同种源黑木耳优良菌株,为黑木耳栽培菌株的筛选和选育提供理论基础。【方法】通过ISSR分子标记技术对15个黑木耳菌株进行PCR扩增,对产物进行电泳检测,以ISSR聚类图谱分析不同菌株间的亲缘关系;对各菌株的菌丝生长、子实体农艺性状和产量等进行综合评价,并分析其农艺性状与产量之间的相关性。【结果】聚类分析结果表明,15个黑木耳菌株遗传相似系数为0.50~0.97,且在相似系数为0.50时可分为2个类群,其中大部分菌株的聚类结果与其地理分布相吻合。依据菌株农艺性状分析,A6(黑山)菌株出耳快且整齐,耳片颜色黑、厚而小,产量高。Pearson分析发现,黑木耳菌株的产量与其现耳芽时间呈显著负相关,与栽培种菌丝生长速度、耳片厚度具有一定正相关性,而与母种菌丝生长速度无相关性。【结论】A6(黑山)菌株各项农艺性状均表现较好,可在南方地区进行推广栽培;A3(916)、A4(Aa7)、A5(黑2)和A8(丽黑1号)菌株可做育种材料。黑木耳栽培种菌丝生长速度和现耳芽时间可以作为预测其子实体产量的参考指标。
关键词:  黑木耳  遗传多样性  菌丝生长  农艺性状
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-20);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016c02057-2)
Agronomic traits evaluation and genetic differentiation analysis of Auricularia auricular-judae strains
SONG Jiling,LU Na,YAN Jing,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】The agronomical characters and genetic differences of Auricularia auricular-judae strains were evaluated and analyzed to provide basis for the selection of cultivation strains and breeding of Auricularia auricular-judae.【Method】ISSR-PCR and cluster analysis were used to determine the genetic relationship of 15 Auricularia auricular-judae strains.The agronomic traits were evaluated by comparing the growth of mycelial growth,fruiting body and yield in the variety comparative test,and the correlation of each character and yield was analyzed.【Result】Cluster analysis show that the genetic similarity of the 15 strains ranged from 0.50 to 0.97.The 15 strains were divided into two groups with the genetic similarity of 0.50,and most of the strains were in accordance with their geographical distribution.Agronomic characters show that strain A6 (Heishan) had fast and neat ear, small and thick of ear,black fruiting bodies and high yield.Pearson analysis demonstrated that yield had significantly negative correlation with period of present ear,and had positive correlation with growth rate of cultivated species and ear thickness.There was no correlation between daily growth rate of mother mycelium and yield.【Conclusion】A6 (Heishan) strain showed good performance in various cultivation traits and could be used for cultivation and promotion.A3 (916),A4(Aa7),A5 (Hei 2) and A8 (Lihei 1) strains can be used as breeding materials.The growth rate of cultivated species and period of present ear can be used as a reference index to predict yield of fruiting body.
Key words:  Auricularia auricular-judae  genetic diversity  mycelial growth  agronomic characters