| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究新疆天山中部森林土壤重金属含量分布特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系，以期全面了解新疆天山森林土壤污染状况，为该地区森林的优化管理和合理保护提供支持。【方法】以新疆天山中部森林为研究区，选取不同区域（桦树沟、小渠子、甘沟的上游、中游和下游）森林土壤为研究对象，并选择无人为干扰的区域为背景区，测定土壤总砷（As）、总汞（Hg）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、铝（Al）含量和土壤理化性质（有机碳（SOC）、电导率（TDS）、体积质量（SBD）、土壤含水量（SWC）、pH），运用相关性分析和主成分分析对土壤重金属来源进行探讨，并采用冗余分析探究土壤重金属元素与土壤理化性质的关系。【结果】单因素方差分析表明，背景区土壤电导率与桦树沟、小渠子和甘沟的土壤电导率差异显著（P<0.05），其他理化性质在各区域分布差异不显著（P>0.05）。除As含量在不同区域间存在显著差异外（P<0.05），其他重金属含量差异均不显著（P>0.05）。不同区域单项污染评价结果表明，桦树沟土壤主要受铝和铅污染，小渠子土壤主要受砷、铬和铅污染，甘沟土壤主要受砷和铬污染；3个区域土壤重金属综合污染指数均为1~2，属于轻度污染。主成分分析表明，As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn等6种重金属间相关性较高，说明重金属来源相同；Pb和Al与其他6种重金属的相关性均较低，可知Pb和Al与其他重金属来源不同。通过冗余分析得出，土壤理化性质对土壤重金属特征影响的重要性排序为pH值>电导率>土壤体积质量>土壤含水量>有机碳含量。【结论】天山森林土壤重金属污染较严重，应对重金属污染进行防治，促进林区的可持续发展。 |
| 关键词: 森林土壤 重金属污染 土壤理化性质 主成分分析 冗余分析 新疆天山 |
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| 基金项目:新疆阿尔泰山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站开放基金；新疆天保工程二期评估 |
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| Soil heavy metal contents and correlations with soil physical and chemical properties in central Tianshan forest,Xinjiang |
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WANG Wendong,REN Zhenwu,ZHANG hongying,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the characteristics of heavy metals in forest soil and relationship with soil physical and chemical properties in central Tianshan Mountain,Xinjiang to better understand forest soil pollution and provide support for optimal management and reasonable protection of forest.【Method】Forest soils in different areas (Huashugou,Xiaoquzi and Gangou) of central Tianshan forest were collected using a undisturbed area as background.Contents of As,Hg,Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Zn,Al,SOC,TDS and SBD as well as pH of SWC were analyzed.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to explore sources of heavy metals in soil,and redundancy analysis was used to explore relationship between heavy metals and soil physical and chemical factors.【Result】One-way analysis of variance showed that soil conductivity in the background area was significantly different from those of Huashugou,Xiaoquzi and Gangou (P<0.05),and distribution of other physical and chemical properties in different regions was not significantly different (P>0.05).Except for the significant differences in As contents among different regions (P<0.05),the differences in contents of other heavy metals were not significant (P>0.05).The single pollution assessment of different regions showed that soil in all regions was slightly polluted.It was polluted by Al and Pb in Huashugou,by As,Pb and Cr in Xiaoquzi,and by As and Cr in Gangou.The comprehensive pollution index showed that soil was slightly polluted,mainly by As and Cr,and the comprehensive pollution index was 1.38.Principal component analysis showed that As,Hg,Cd,Cr,Cu and Zn were highly correlated,indicating similar sources of these metals.The correlations between Pb and Al and other six heavy metals were not significant,and Pb and Al were different from others.Through redundancy analysis,the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on heavy metal characteristics were in the order of pH>conductivity>soil bulk density>soil water content>organic carbon content.【Conclusion】The heavy metal pollution of forest soil in Tianshan is severe,and it is essential to prevent and control heavy metal pollution and promote sustainable development of forest areas. |
| Key words: forest soil heavy mental pollution soil physical and chemical properties principal component analysis redundancy analysis Tianshan,Xinjiang |
