| 摘要: |
| 【目的】综合评价藜麦种子萌发期的抗逆性，为藜麦抗逆机理研究和品种选育提供参考。【方法】用-0.36 MPa的PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫，300 mmol/L的NaCl模拟盐胁迫，40 mmol/L的混合碱(NaHCO3和Na2CO3物质的量比为9∶1)模拟碱胁迫处理，以蒸馏水处理为对照，选择13个藜麦品系（南非1号、南非2号、陇藜1号、陇藜2号、陇藜3号、陇藜4号、HTH-y605、HTH-01、贺兰太行藜麦、DACE、钻石1号、嫁祺2号、青海1号）为材料，通过测定发芽率、发芽势、总长和鲜质量等9个指标，结合主成分、热图及聚类分析综合评价藜麦种子萌发期的抗旱性、耐盐性和耐碱性。【结果】3种逆境胁迫对13种藜麦种子的发芽率影响不大，但对出苗后幼苗的生长具有抑制作用。在抗旱性综合评价指标中, 鲜质量和发芽势可作为藜麦萌发期抗旱性的主要鉴定指标；陇藜3号、钻石1号和嫁祺2号为高抗旱品种，南非1号、陇藜4号、HTH-y605和HTH-01为干旱敏感品种。在耐盐性鉴定中，根长、发芽率和干质量可作为藜麦萌发期耐盐性的主要鉴定指标；HTH-y605和HTH-01为高耐盐品种，陇藜3号为盐极度敏感品种。在耐碱性鉴定中，根长、发芽势和鲜质量可作为藜麦萌发期耐碱性的主要鉴定指标；陇藜4号、HTH-y605和HTH-01为高耐碱品种，陇藜1号和陇藜3号为碱极度敏感品种。种子萌发阶段，不同藜麦品系的耐盐性与耐碱性之间呈极显著正相关，而抗旱性与耐盐碱性之间呈显著负相关。【结论】对13种藜麦品种的抗逆性进行了综合评价，分别筛选出了抗旱、耐盐和耐碱的藜麦品种和鉴定指标。 |
| 关键词: 藜麦 萌发期 抗逆性评价 主成分分析 聚类分析 热图 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31960387）；北方民族大学高层次人才项目(2019BJLZ02) |
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| Comprehensive evaluation of stress resistance during germination of 13 quinoa species |
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WANG Zhiheng,HUANG Siqi,LI Chenghu,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study comprehensively evaluated the stress resistance of quinoa seeds during germination to provide reference for understanding stress resistance mechanism and variety selection of quinoa.【Method】The PEG-6000 of -0.36 MPa was used to simulate drought stress,NaCl of 300 mmol/L was used to simulate salt stress,and mixed base of 40 mmol/L (mass ratio of NaHCO3∶Na2CO3 was 9∶1) was used to simulate alkali stress.Distilled water was used as the control.The drought resistance,salt resistance and alkali resistance of 13 quinoa varieties (South Africa No.1,South Africa No.2,Longli No.1,Longli No.2,Longli No.3,Longli No.4,HTH-y605,HTH-01,Helan Taihang quinoa,DACE,Diamond No.1,Jiaqi No.2 and Qinghai No.1) during seed germination were determined.The germination rate,germination potential,total length,fresh quality and 9 other indicators were determined,and the stress resistance of quinoa during germination was evaluated by principal component,heat map and cluster analysis.【Result】All three stresses had less effect on germination rate of 13 quinoa species,but they had inhibitory effect on growth of seedlings after emergence. Among the comprehensive evaluation indexes of drought resistance,fresh weight and germination potential could be used as main identification indexes for quinoa during germination.Longli No.3,Diamond No.1 and Jiaqi No.2 were high drought resistant varieties,while South Africa No.1,Longli No.4,HTH-y605 and HTH-01 were drought-sensitive varieties.In the identification of salt tolerance,root length,germination rate and dry mass can be used as main identification indicators.HTH y605 and HTH-01 were high salt-resistant varieties,while Longli No.3 was salt-sensitive variety.Root length,germination potential and fresh weight can be used as main identification indicators for identifying alkali resistance of quinoa at germination stage.Longli No.4,HTH-y605 and HTH-01 were high alkali-resistant varieties,while Longli No.1 and Longli No.3 were varieties extremely sensitive to alkali.There were strong positive correlations between salt tolerance and alkali tolerance of different quinoa varieties at seed germination stage,and strong negative correlations between drought resistance and salt tolerance.【Conclusion】The stress resistance of 13 quinoa varieties was comprehensively evaluated,and the indexes for identifying drought,salt and alkali resistances were selected. |
| Key words: quinoa germination stage resistance evaluation principal component analysis cluster analysis thermogram |
