| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确打叶复烤后不同尺寸片烟质量的变化规律，为卷烟工业配方模块的调整提供理论依据。【方法】以河南中烟工业有限责任公司5个浓香型烤烟模块打叶后片烟为研究对象，从常规化学成分、糖类物质、多酚类物质、非挥发性有机酸4个方面进行分析，研究打叶后大片烟（直径（D）＞25.40 mm）、中片烟（12.70＜D≤25.40 mm）、小片烟（6.35＜D≤12.70 mm）、碎片烟（2.36＜D≤6.35 mm）、碎末烟（D≤2.36 mm）以及混合片烟化学成分的差异，并进行主成分分析和化学成分聚类分析。【结果】①总糖、还原糖、烟碱和糖碱比、氮碱比在不同尺寸片烟间存在显著或极显著差异，总糖、还原糖和糖碱比随着片烟尺寸的增大而升高。②葡萄糖、果糖、糖类物质总量和蔗糖在不同尺寸片烟间存在显著或极显著差异，其中前三者随着片烟尺寸的增大而升高。③绿原酸含量在不同尺寸片烟间存在显著差异，芸香苷、莨菪亭和多酚类物质总量在不同尺寸片烟间无显著性差异，绿原酸含量随片烟尺寸的增大而升高。④苹果酸、2,4 庚二烯酸、柠檬酸、油酸和非挥发性有机酸总量在不同尺寸片烟间存在显著或极显著差异，苹果酸、柠檬酸和非挥发性有机酸总量随着片烟尺寸的增大而减少。⑤主成分分析结果表明，大片烟的化学成分综合评价得分最高，内在化学成分较协调；碎末烟的化学成分综合评价得分最低，内在化学品质较差。⑥聚类分析结果表明，6个尺寸片烟分为3类:混合片烟和小片烟聚为一类,大片烟和中片烟聚为一类,碎片烟和碎末烟聚为一类。【结论】打叶后不同尺寸片烟的化学成分存在显著性差异，大片烟和中片烟具有较好的品质，可以作为中高档卷烟产品的原料；碎末烟的烟叶质量特性相对较差，可作为烟草薄片；聚类分析聚为一类的烟叶，质量特征具有相似性，可解决部分原料不足的问题。 |
| 关键词: 烤烟 片烟尺寸 片烟质量 糖类物质 多酚类物质 非挥发性有机酸 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:河南中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划项目（ZW2017003,ZW2016007） |
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| Differences in chemical composition of tobacco after beating among different sizes |
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HU Jingyi,YANG Yongfeng,LIU Maolin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This experiment clarified the quality changes of different sizes of tobacco after leaf beating to provide basis for the adjustment of cigarette industry formula module.【Method】Five Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco modules from China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Corporation were used as research objects.From four aspects of routine chemical components,sweets,polyphenols,non-volatile organic acids,the differences in chemical composition of large tobacco leaves (diameter (D)>25.40 mm),medium tobacco leaves (12.70<D≤25.40 mm),small tobacco leaves (6.35<D≤12.70 mm),fragmented tobacco leaves (2.36<D≤6.35 mm),broken tobacco leaves (D≤2.36 mm) and mixed tobacco leaves were studied,and principal component analysis and chemical component cluster analysis were performed.【Result】① There were significant or extremely significant differences in total sugar,reducing sugar,nicotinic and glucose-base ratio and nitrogen-base ratio between different sizes of cigarettes.The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and saccharine-base ratio increased with the increase of tobacco size.② There were significant or extremely significant differences in glucose,fructose,total amounts of saccharide and sucrose in different sizes of cigarette,and the first three increased with the increase of cigarette size.③ There were significant differences in chlorogenic acid content among tobacco tablets of different sizes,but there were no significant differences in rutin,scopolamine and polyphenols in the smoke tablets of different sizes.Chlorogenic acid content increased with the increase of tobacco tablet size.④ The total amounts of malic acid,2,4-heptadienoic acid,citric acid,oleic acid and nonvolatile organic acids were significantly or very significantly different in cigarettes with different sizes,and the total amounts of malic acid,citric acid and nonvolatile organic acids decreased with the increase of cigarette size.⑤ The principal component analysis showed that the chemical composition of large tobacco leaves had the highest score in comprehensive evaluation,and the internal chemical composition was more harmonious.The chemical composition of broken tobacco leaves was the lowest and the intrinsic chemical quality was poor.⑥ The cluster analysis showed that the 6 tobacco slices were divided into 3 categories,and mixed tobacco leaves and small tobacco leaves were grouped into one category.Large tobacco leaves and medium tobacco leaves were grouped into one category,while fragmented tobacco leaves and broken tobacco leaves were grouped into one category.【Conclusion】There were significant differences in the chemical composition of different leaf types of tobacco after beating.Large tobacco leaves and medium tobacco leaves had better quality,and they could be used as the raw materials of middle and high grade tobacco products.The quality characteristics of broken tobacco leaves were relatively poor and could be used as tobacco flakes.The quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in same group were similar,which can reduce the shortage of some raw materials. |
| Key words: flue-cured tobacco cigarette size cigarette quality sugar polyphenols non-volatile organic acids |
