| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究盐度对大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)血液生化指标和消化酶活力的影响，为摸索大麻哈鱼海水养殖条件奠定科学基础。【方法】用人工配制的4组不同盐度(0（S0），8(S8)，16(S16)，24(S24) g/L)的水养殖大麻哈鱼，6周后尾静脉取血测定血液生化指标,解剖取胃、幽门盲囊和肠道,分别测定各类消化酶活力。【结果】大麻哈鱼血清渗透压、Na+、Cl-和Mg2+含量均随盐度的升高呈现上升趋势且幅度较大，S16、S24组与S0组之间具有显著性差异(P＜0.05)。血清中各种蛋白含量均随盐度的升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势，其中S16组含量最高，S0组含量最低。S16组血清中葡萄糖和高密度脂蛋白含量最高，而S8组甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白含量最高。血清中谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活力随盐度升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势，且峰值均出现在S16组；而尿酸浓度随盐度升高呈现先下降后上升的趋势，其中S8组最低。血清中乳酸脱氢酶和肌酐浓度变化趋势一致，均随盐度升高逐渐下降；而尿素氮浓度与之相反，随着盐度升高逐渐上升。试验结束时S8、S16和S24组大麻哈鱼各类消化酶活力均低于S0组，胰蛋白酶活力在肠道中最高，胃蛋白酶活力在胃中最高，而脂肪酶和淀粉酶活力在幽门盲囊中最高。【结论】大麻哈鱼通过自身调节作用使其具备较广的盐度适应范围，在人工养殖过程中建议适宜的水体盐度为8~16 g/L。 |
| 关键词: 大麻哈鱼 盐度 血液生化指标 消化酶 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY201712Q)；农业农村部财政专项物种资源保护项目(2010-2018) |
|
| Effects of salinity on blood biochemical parameters and digestive enzyme activities of farmed chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) |
|
LI Peilun,LIU Wei,WANG Jilong,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of salinity on blood biochemical indicators and digestive enzyme activities of chum salmon were studied to provide basis for exploring marine aquaculture of chum salmon.【Method】The chum salmon was cultured with artificially configured water in salinities of 0(S0),8(S8),16(S16) and 24(S24) g/L for 6 weeks，respectively.The blood biochemical indicators of tail vein blood and digestive enzyme activities of stomach,pyloric caecum and intestinal tissues were measured.【Result】 The osmotic pressure and contents of Na+,Cl- and Mg2+ of chum salmon increased with increasing salinity,and there were significant differences between groups S16,S24 and S0 (P＜0.05).The contents of various proteins in serum increased first and then decreased with the increase of salinity with the highest in S16 group and the lowest in S0 group.The S16 group had the highest contents of blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein,while the S8 group had the highest contents of triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein.With the increase of salinity,the glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase,glutamic pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase contents first increased and then decreased with the highest in S16 group,while the uric acid content first decreased and then increased with the lowest in S8 group.The changes of lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine contents decreased with increasing salinity,while the urea nitrogen content increased.At the end of the salinity tests,the activities of digestive enzymes in S8,S16 and S24 groups were lower than those in the S0 group.In addition,the activities of trypsin in intestine,pepsin in stomach as well as lipase and amylase in pyloric caecum were the highest.【Conclusion】The chum salmon had a wide range of salinity adaptation through regulation,and the recommended salinity range was 8-16 g/L during marine aquaculture. |
| Key words: chum salmon salinity blood biochemical index digestive enzymes |
