| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究饲料中添加地衣芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、营养代谢及抗氧化能力的影响。【方法】将凡纳滨对虾幼虾随机分成3组，对照组投喂仅用蛋白液包裹的基础饲料，试验组分别投喂含活菌量达108 CFU/g的凝结芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的试验饲料，养殖周期为28 d。于试验第7,14,21和28天取样，测定血清总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、一氧化氮(NO)含量及谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、脂肪酶(LPS)、已糖激酶(HK)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)；试验结束后测定凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和肌肉营养成分。【结果】(1) 与对照组比较，2个试验组凡纳滨对虾的终末体质量显著提高(P＜0.05)，饲料系数显著降低(P＜0.05)，肌肉中粗蛋白质、肌糖原含量和呈味氨基酸总量显著提高(P＜0.05)；凝结芽孢杆菌组血清中TP、TC及TG含量与对照组差异显著(P＜0.05)，地衣芽孢杆菌组TG含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)。(2)凝结芽孢杆菌组GS活性在试验第14天显著高于其他2个组(P＜0.05)；2个试验组HK活性在第21天显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；凝结芽孢杆菌组MDH活性在第21天显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；2个试验组LPS活性在第7天显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)，2个试验组之间无显著差异(P＞0.05)。(3)凝结芽孢杆菌组T AOC活性在试验第7天最高(55.21 U/mL)，地衣芽孢杆菌组在第14天最高(45.08 U/mL)，均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；2个试验组CAT活性在第21天最高，SOD活性在第7天最高，均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)，而2个试验组之间无显著差异(P＞0.05)；凝结芽孢杆菌组GSH PX活性在第28天最高(957.30 U/mL)，地衣芽孢杆菌组在第21天最高(932.25 U/mL)，均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；凝结芽孢杆菌组NOS活性和NO含量均在第14天最高，显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；地衣芽孢杆菌组NO含量在第28天最高，显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)。【结论】地衣芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌均可作为饲料添加剂使用，提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能，增强其营养物质代谢水平，提高其抗氧化能力。 |
| 关键词: 凝结芽孢杆菌 地衣芽孢杆菌 凡纳滨对虾 营养代谢 抗氧化能力 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家虾蟹产业技术体系项目（CARS-48）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系虾蟹类产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-13) |
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| Effect of probiotics supplementation on growth,nutrient metabolism and antioxidant capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei |
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FAN Ying,WANG Xiaolu,LIU Hongjun,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】A 28-day experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus coagulans on growth performance,nutrient metabolism and antioxidant capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei.【Method】L.vannamei were randomly allocated to 3 groups,those in the control group were fed with a basal diet wrapped with albumen,and those in the experimental groups were fed with basal diets supplemented with B.coagulans (108 CFU/g) and B. licheniformis (108 CFU/g),respectively.Samples were taken on the 7th,14th,21st and 28th days of the experiment.The contents of total protein (TP),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) and nitric oxide (NO) and the activities of glutamine synthetase (GS),malic dehydrogenase (MDH),lipase (LPS),hexokinase (HK),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) and total antioxidant (T-AOC) were measured.At the end of the experiment,the growth performance and muscle nutrients of L. vannamei were measured.【Result】(1) Compared with the control group,the final weight increased significantly and the feed conversion ratio decreased (P＜0.05) in the two experiment groups.B. licheniformis and B. coagulans increased the contents of crude protein,muscle glycogen and total amino acids in muscle (P＜0.05).The contents of TP,TC and TG in serum of B. coagulans group changed to varying degrees (P＜0.05),with significant difference in TG content of B. licheniformis group (P＜0.05).(2) The activity of GS reached the maximum on the 14th day in theB. coagulans group,and the differences were significant compared with the other two groups (P<0.05).The activities of HK in two experiment groups were the highest on the 21st day and significantly different from the control group (P＜0.05).The activity of MDH in the B. coagulans group was the highest on the 21st day and significantly different from the control group (P＜0.05).The activities of LPS in two experiment groups were highest on the 7th day,which were significantly different from the control group (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between B. coagulans group and B. licheniformis group (P＞0.05).(3) The activity of T-AOC was the highest in B. coagulans group (55.21 U/mL) on the 7th day and in B. licheniformis group (45.08 U/mL) on the 14th day with significant differences with the control group (P＜0.05).The activity of CAT in the two experiment groups reached the highest on the 21st day,and the activity of SOD reached the highest on the 7th day.They were significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between B. coagulans group and B. licheniformis group (P＞0.05).The activity of GSH-Px in B. coagulans group reached the highest level on the 28th day (957.30 U/mL),while that in B. licheniformis group reached the highest level on the 21st day (932.25 U/mL),and they were significant than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The activity of NOS and the content of NO in B. coagulans group reached the highest levels on the 14th day,and they were significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The content of NO in B. licheniformis group reached the highest level on the 28th day,and it was significantly higher than in the control group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】Adding B. licheniformis and B. coagulans in diet could improve the growth performance,nutrient metabolism level,oxygen metabolism and antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei. |
| Key words: Bacillus coagulans Bacillus licheniformis Litopenaeus vannamei nutrient metabolism antioxidant capacity |
