| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究植物生长调节剂对常见园林绿化植物萱草（Hemerocallis fulva）观赏性状及繁殖更新特性的影响，为萱草观赏性状的调控和繁育提供参考。【方法】选取细胞分裂素(CTK)、多效唑(PP333)、矮壮素(CCC)、坐果精(Pol)、赤霉素(GA)等5种植物生长调节剂对萱草进行叶面喷施，以清水（CK）为对照，于盛花期测定叶片性状、花器构件、种子产量构成因子及种子产量，分析不同植物生长调节剂对萱草农艺性状及种子产量的影响。【结果】CTK处理萱草的比叶面积明显低于CK（P＜0.05），GA处理萱草叶片的干物质含量明显大于CK，这2种植物生长调节剂可以提高萱草对外界资源的利用程度，且能够更好地保存获取的资源；不同处理萱草叶片各部位叶绿素SPAD值相差均较大，具体表现为叶基部＞叶中部＞叶上部，且以CCC处理叶片SPAD值最大；CCC处理萱草叶片具有“叶绿素含量和比叶面积高、叶片干物质含量低”等特点，按叶经济谱属于“缓慢投资-收益型”植物。CCC处理萱草的花冠长与花柱长最短，有利于花粉传播；Pol处理萱草雄蕊与雌蕊长度相差最小，且花药最长，对有性繁殖具促进作用。PP333与Pol处理均可以明显增加萱草单位面积花葶数、花蕾数/花葶、开花数/花蕾、单位面积蒴果数、种子数/蒴果数及种子产量、种子大小。根据Pearson相关性，种子产量构成因子中单位面积花葶数与种子产量、种子千粒质量呈极显著相关，可用于植物花期种子产量及质量等指标的预测。【结论】植物生长调节剂CTK与GA可促进萱草的营养生长，CCC、PP333及Pol可促进萱草的繁殖生长，在实际栽培中可根据需要对萱草各功能器官进行针对性调节。 |
| 关键词: 萱草 叶片性状 植物生长调节剂 花部结构 繁殖特性 |
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| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“北方防沙带（内蒙古）生态技术集成与产业化示范”（201802083） |
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| Effects of plant growth regulators on leaf traits and reproductive characteristics of Hemerocallis fulva |
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QU Yan,LI Qingfeng,LIU Chongyang,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of plant growth regulators on ornamental traits and reproductive regeneration characteristics of common geranium plant Hemerocallis fulva to provide reference for the regulation and breeding of psyllium ornamental traits.【Method】Five plant growth regulators (CTK,PP333,CCC,Pol and GA) were applied on foliar of H.fulva,with water as the control group (CK).The leaf traits,flower components,seed yield composition factors and seed yield were measured since flowering stage.Then the effects of different plant growth regulators on agronomic traits and seed yield of H.fulva were investigated.【Result】The specific leaf area (SLA) of CTK treatment was significantly lower than CK (P<0.05) and the leaf dry matter content (LDMC) of GA treatment was significantly greater than CK.These two plant growth regulators improved the use of external resources and better preserved the acquired resources.SPAD values were largely different among leaf sites and treatments,the specific performance was in the order of leaf base > middle of leaf > leaf upper,and CCC treatment had the largest SPAD values.The CCC treatment had the characteristics of high chlorophyll,high SLA and low LMDC,belonging to slow investment-income type in leaf economy spectrum.The corolla length and style of H.fulva under CCC treatment were the shortest,which was beneficial to pollen propagation.The difference between length of stamens and pistil treated with Pol was the smallest and the anther was the longest,promoting sexual reproduction.PP333 and Pol treatments significantly increased number of flowersscapes per unit area,bud number/flowersscapes,flowering number/bud,number of capsule per unit area,seed number/capsule,seed yield and seed size.According to Pearson correlation,number of flowersscapes per unit area had extremely significant relationship with seed yield and seed weight,and could be used to predict seed yield and quality in plant flowering period.【Conclusion】As plant growth regulators,CTK and GA could promote nutritional growth of H.fulva,while CCC,PP333 and Pol could promote propagation and growth of H.fulva.They can be used to functional organs of H.fulva as needed in actual cultivation. |
| Key words: Hemerocallis fulva leaf traits plant growth regulator flower structure reproductive characteristics |
