| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索番茄萼片形态性状的遗传规律，为番茄新品种选育过程中萼片形态性状选择提供依据。【方法】以萼片包被(TI1101-1,P1)和萼片上卷番茄(J53,P2)材料为亲本，构建4个世代P1、P2、F1和F2遗传群体，用游标卡尺对4个世代番茄萼片形态及其形态性状(萼片长度、宽度、厚度、面积、上翘度、卷曲度)进行测量和统计，从而对番茄萼片形态性状的遗传规律、中亲优势、遗传模型进行分析。【结果】番茄F1代正反交萼片形态一致，均为基平，说明萼片形态的遗传属于细胞核遗传。在F2代分离群体中，萼片形态包被、基平、上翘、上卷的分离比为1∶34.4∶9∶1.6，即不符合孟德尔遗传规律，属于数量性状。萼片长度、宽度、厚度、面积、上翘度、卷曲度的中亲优势率分别为3.55%，-6.77%，-9.90%，0.51%，-32.42%，-62.02%。同时，运用植物数量性状主基因+多基因遗传分析法对6个萼片形态性状测量值的分析得出：萼片长符合2对等加性主基因+加性-显性多基因遗传模型（MX2-EAED-AD）,萼片厚度、面积、卷曲度符合2对加性-主基因+加性 显性多基因遗传模型（MX2-ADI-AD）,萼片宽度、上翘度符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型（MX2-ADI-ADI）。萼片长度、宽度、厚度、面积、上翘度、卷曲度的主基因遗传率为42.59%~77.15%，多基因遗传率为0%~39.89%。【结论】该组合6个番茄萼片形态性状均受2对主基因控制，且主基因遗传率大于多基因遗传率，以主基因遗传为主。 |
| 关键词: 番茄萼片 番茄育种 萼片形态 遗传分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0101703） |
|
| Inheritance analysis on tomato sepal morphology |
|
WANG Jing,LIU Jingyi,LIANG Yan
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The experiment explored the genetic law of morphological traits of sepal to provide basis for sepal morphological traits selection in tomato breeding.【Method】Four genetic populations including P1,P2,F1 and F2 were generated using down wrap sepal tomato inbred line TI1101-1 and up curl sepal tomato inbred line J53.The morphology traits of ripened sepal including sepal length,sepal width,sepal thickness,sepal area,sepal upwarp degree and sepal crimpness were measured and counted by using Vernier caliper.Then,the genetic law,mid parent advantage and genetic model of morphological traits of sepal were analyzed.【Result】In F1 reciprocal cross generations,the sepal morphology was all flat spread,indicating nuclear inheritance.In F2 generation separation groups,the ratio of downwrap,flat spread,upwarp and upcurl was 1∶34.4∶9∶1.6,belonging to quantitative traits and incompatible to classic mendelian separation ratio.The mid parent values (MPV) of tomato sepal length,sepal width,sepal thickness,sepal surface area,upwarp degree and crimpness were 3.55%,-6.77%,-9.90%,0.51%,-32.42% and -62.02%,respectively.The six tomato morphology traits were calculated to study the law with the major gene plus multi-gene of quantitative traits genetic analysis method in plant.The analysis results showed that the genetics of tomato sepal length may be accord with the two equal additive-dominance major gene plus additive dominance polygene(MX2-EAED-AD model),the genetics of tomato sepal thickness,sepal surface area and sepal crimpness may be accord with two additive major genes plus additive-dominance polygene(MX2-ADI-AD model),and the genetics of sepal width and sepal upwarp degree may be accord with two additive-dominance-epitasis major genes plus additive-dominance-epitasis polygene(MX2-ADI-ADI model).For F2 generation,the genetic rates of sepal length,width,thickness,area,upwarp degree and crimpness were 42.59%-77.15% and multi-genes rates were 0%-39.89%.【Conclusion】The morphological traits of the six tomato sepal were controlled by two pairs of major genes,and the heritability of the main gene was greater than that of the polygene. |
| Key words: tomato sepal tomato breeding sepal morphology genetic analysis |
