| 摘要: |
| 【目的】全面评价陕西液态牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M1（aflatoxin M1，AFM1）污染状况及其产生的健康风险。【方法】于2018年上半年在陕西全省范围内城市、县城及乡镇采集液态奶样本111份进行检测，结合中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据库中液态奶消费数据，对不同人群通过液态奶对AFM1的摄入水平进行分析。采用联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会（JECFA）确立的AFM1暴露引发肝癌风险公式和安全限值两种方法，分析描述相关健康风险。【结果】111份液态奶样本中95份检出AFM1，但均未超过国家限量标准，平均含量为23.95 ng/kg。不同性别年龄组中，一般人群对AFM1的平均摄入量为0.004~0.082 ng/(kg·d)，肝癌风险为0.010~0.225例/(亿人·年)，消费人群对AFM1平均摄入量为0.041~0.272 ng/(kg·d)，肝癌风险为0.113~0.745例/(亿人·年)。【结论】陕西液态牛奶中AFM1污染引发的健康风险总体较低，但需对部分低年龄段（2~11岁）液态奶消费人群AFM1膳食暴露引发的健康风险予以关注。 |
| 关键词: 陕西 液态牛奶 黄曲霉毒素M1 污染水平 风险评估 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省科学技术研究发展计划社会发展攻关项目（2014K13-18）；商洛市科技计划项目（SK2014-01-11）；商洛学院引进人才科研启动基金项目（13SKY026） |
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| Occurrence and risk assessment of aflatoxin M1 in commercial milk in Shaanxi |
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GUO Yaodong,HAN Xiaojiang,PENG Shiyuan,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in commercial milk in Shaanxi and accessed the corresponding health risk.【Method】A total of 111 commercial milk samples were collected from different areas in Shaanxi during spring 2018,and the samples were analyzed by the competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method.Based on the mean AFM1 level and the commercial milk consumption data from the 2010-2013 Chinese National Health and Nutrition Survey,the AFM1 intake and corresponding health risk for different population groups were estimated.【Result】AFM1 was detected in 95 samples with a mean level of 23.95 ng/kg.Mean AFM1 intake of general population in various sex-age groups was 0.004-0.082 ng/(kg·d) with the risk of 0.010-0.225 cancer cases per year per 108 persons.The AFM1 intake of consumers in various sex-age groups was 0.041-0.272 ng/(kg·d) with the risk of 0.113-0.745 cancer cases per year per 108 persons.【Conclusion】The health risk caused by AFM1 in commercial milk was low generally,and more attention should be paid to low age group (2-11 years old). |
| Key words: Shaanxi commercial milk aflatoxin M1 occurrence risk assessment |
