| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同pH花椒园土壤细菌群落结构及其与土壤化学性质的关系，为提高土壤质量及促进花椒生长提供依据。【方法】在300 hm2花椒园中，分别采集低pH区（pH≤5.5）、中pH区（5.5y）与土壤pH（x）具有很好的拟合关系，拟合曲线为y=0.098 3x+2.997，R2=0.832 9。高pH区土壤细菌门水平上优势细菌菌群的丰富度和多样性较高，且与pH和C/N具有很强的正相关性。放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、蓝藻菌门（Cyanobacteria）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）是花椒根区土壤细菌群落的3大优势菌门，占所有菌门的63.1%～75.2%。冗余分析结果显示，土壤pH、C/N、碱解N、有效P和速效K总共解释了83.3%的群落变化，成为了花椒根区土壤细菌群落变化的主控环境因子，影响由大到小依次为pH＞C/N＞碱解N＞有效P＞速效K。相关性分析表明,花椒根区土壤pH与拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）相对丰度呈显著负相关关系，与放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、蓝藻菌门（Cyanobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）相对丰度呈显著或极显著正相关关系；土壤C/N与放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、蓝藻菌门（Cyanobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度呈显著或极显著正相关关系；土壤碱解N与放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）相对丰度呈显著正相关关系；土壤速效K与变形菌门（Proteobacteria）相对丰度呈显著正相关关系；土壤有效P与蓝藻菌门（Cyanobacteria）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度呈显著正相关关系。【结论】土壤pH、C/N、碱解N、有效P和速效K对细菌群落结构变化的影响较大，土壤pH改变了花椒根区土壤细菌的群落构成和多样性，是决定花椒根区土壤细菌群落多样性的首要因子。 |
| 关键词: 花椒 土壤pH 细菌群落 土壤化学性质 高通量测序 |
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| 基金项目:铜仁学院博士科研启动基金项目（trxyDH1702）；铜仁学院2018年产业扶贫专项资金科研项目（FP201804） |
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| Effect of pH on soil bacterial community structure in root zone of prickly ash |
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HOU Jianwei,XING Cunfang,DENG Xiaomei,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the structure of bacterial community and its relationship with soil chemical properties in prickly ash orchard with different pH to provide basis for improving soil quality and promoting growth of prickly ash.【Method】Soil samples were collected from root zone of prickly ash in low pH zone (pH≤5.5),middle pH zone (5.52 prickly ash garden.High throughput sequencing (Illumina HiSeq) technology was used to analyze the changes of soil bacterial community,and redundancy analyses and correlation analysis were conducted between bacterial community structure and soil physical and chemical properties.【Result】The gene copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA (y) had a good fitting relationship with soil pH (x),and the fitting curve was y=0.098 3x+2.997 with R2 of 0.832 9.The richness and diversity of dominant bacteria flora at phylum level were relatively high in the high pH root area of prickly ash,and it had a strong positive correlation with pH and C/N.Actinobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes were the three dominant bacteria in the soil of prickly ash root area,occupying 63.1%－75.2% of all phyla.Redundancy analyses showed that soil pH,C/N ratio,available N,available P and available K were main environmental factors on soil bacterial community structure,totally explaining 83.3% of the community changes.The influences of the factors were in the order of soil pH>C/N>available N>available P>available K.The correlation analysis showed that soil pH in the root area of prickly ash had negative correlation with relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,but had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with relative abundance of Cyanobacteria,Cyanobacteria,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes.Soil C/N had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with relative abundance of Actinobacteria,Cyanobacteria,Chloroflexi,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.Soil available N was significantly positively correlated with relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi,soil available K was significantly positively with relative abundance of Proteobacteria,while soil available P was positively correlated with relative abundance of Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes.【Conclusion】Soil pH,C/N,available N,available P and available K had great impacts on the changes of bacterial community structure.As the primary factor,soil pH changed the community composition and diversity of soil bacteria in the root zone of prickly ash. |
| Key words: prickly ash soil pH bacterial community soil physiochemical characteristics high-throughput sequencing |
