摘要: |
【目的】研究南京市5个常见树种的燃烧性,为可燃物管理及防火树种的筛选提供依据。【方法】选择南京市老山林场常见的3个针叶树种(杉木、马尾松、侧柏)和2个阔叶树种(女贞、麻栎)为研究对象,利用锥形量热仪对其树叶和树枝的热释放速率、热释放速率峰值、有效燃烧性、总热释放量、点燃时间、质量损失速率6项燃烧性指标进行测定,并利用因子分析法综合比较各树种的燃烧性。【结果】与其他4个树种相比,马尾松叶的总热释放量、质量损失速率和枝的热释放速率峰值、总热释放量最高,分别为7.29 MJ/m2、0.051 g/s、228.45 kW/(m2·s)和15.01 MJ/m2,可知马尾松是极易燃树种;杉木叶的热释放速率峰值为208.89 kW/(m2·s),而且点燃时间最短,表现出较强的燃烧性;侧柏的各项燃烧指标居中;麻栎叶的质量损失速率最低,为0.032 g/s;女贞叶、枝的热释放速率峰值和总热释放量均最低,分别为95.79,87.47 kW/(m2·s)和2.14,9.69 MJ/m2,是当地较好的防火树种。【结论】5个树种的燃烧性由强到弱依次是马尾松、杉木、侧柏、麻栎、女贞。 |
关键词: 燃烧性;锥形量热仪;针叶树种;阔叶树种 防火树种 |
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31770696) |
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Flammability of five common tree species in Nanjing |
LI Ke,NI Zeren,LIU Xiaodong,et al
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Abstract: |
【Objective】The study investigated the flammability of 5 common tree species in Nanjing to provide basis for the management of combustible materials and selection of fire resistant tree species.【Method】The cone calorimeter was used to determine 6 indexes including heat release rate,peak heat release rate,effective of heat release,total heat release,time to ignition and mass loss rate of leaves and branches of 3 coniferous tree species (Cunninghamia lanceolate,Pinus massniana,and Platycladus orientalis) and 2 broadleaf tree species (Ligustrum lucidum and Quercus acutissima Carruth) in Laoshan,Nanjing.The factor analysis method was also used to analyze the combustion characteristics of each tree species.【Result】Compared with other 4 species,the total heat release and mass loss rate of P.massniana leaves and the peak heat release rate and total heat release of P.massniana branches were the highest of 7.29 MJ/m2,0.051 g/s,228.45 kW/(m2·s) and 15.01 MJ/m2,respectively.Therefore,P.massniana was easy to cause forest fire.The peak heat release rate of C.lanceolata branches was the highest of 208.890 kW/(m2·s) and the time to ignition was the shortest,showing strong flammability.The burning indexes of P.orientalis were centered.The mass loss rate of Q.acutissima Carruth leaves was the lowest of 0.032 g/s.The peak heat release rate and total heat release of L.lucidum leaves and branches were the lowest of 95.79 and 87.47 kW/(m2·s) and 2.14 and 9.69 MJ/m2,respectively.L.lucidum had high fire resistance and can be a fire preventing tree species.【Conclusion】The flammability of 5 tree species was in a descending order of P. massniana,C. lanceolate,P. orientalis,Q. acutissima Carruth,L. lucidum. |
Key words: flammability cone calorimeter coniferous trees broadleaf tree fire-resistant tree |