| 摘要: |
| 【目的】比较夏西本杂交牛皮下和肾周脂肪组织形态及脂肪酸组成与含量的差异。【方法】随机选取30头18月龄体质量相近的夏西本杂交公牛进行屠宰，采集腹部皮下和肾周脂肪组织，称其质量后制作石蜡组织切片，观测2种脂肪的组织学差异；应用GC MS技术测定脂肪酸组成及含量。【结果】（1）肾周脂肪组织质量显著大于皮下脂肪组织（P＜0.05），分别为(4.58±2.44)和(3.42±1.31) kg/头；肾周脂肪细胞体积较大、大小不均、排列疏松，腹部皮下脂肪细胞体积较小、大小均一、排列整齐紧密，肾周和皮下脂肪细胞直径分别为(104.41±25.97)和(101.51±18.79) μm，两者之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。（2）皮下和肾周脂肪组织中都检测出33种脂肪酸，其中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)15种，含量最高的有硬脂酸、棕榈酸；单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA) 8种，油酸含量最高；多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)10种，含量最高的为亚油酸。皮下和肾周脂肪组织的脂肪酸组成相似，但其含量有明显差异，SFA含量分别为(68.58±2.64)%和(73.16±1.71)%，MUFA含量分别为(21.45±2.14)%和(18.06±1.25)%，PUFA含量分别为(9.97±1.01)%和(8.78±1.38)%，SFA、MUFA、PUFA含量在2种脂肪组织间差异均极显著（P＜0.01）。对脂肪酸含量进行主成分分析并与脂肪组织质量和脂肪细胞直径进行关联分析后发现，肾周脂肪酸主成分1，2，4，5和7与脂肪组织质量和脂肪细胞直径均具有显著或极显著相关性，而皮下脂肪酸的各主成分与脂肪组织质量和脂肪细胞直径均无显著相关性。【结论】夏西本杂交牛皮下和肾周脂肪组织质量和组织学形态具有明显差异，两者脂肪酸组成相似但含量存在显著差异；棕榈酸、棕榈油酸等部分脂肪酸的含量与不同部位脂肪组织的脂质沉积能力有一定的关联性。 |
| 关键词: 夏西本杂交牛 皮下脂肪组织 肾周脂肪组织 组织形态学 脂肪酸组成 |
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| 基金项目:四川省科技支撑计划项目（2016NYZ0050）；四川农业大学学科建设双支计划项目（03573037） |
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| Fatty acids composition and content in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues of Charolais×Simmental×Yellow cattle |
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ZHU Jiaran,HU Shenqiang,LIANG Xiaohu,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study was conducted to analyze the differences in histomorphology as well as fatty acids composition and contents in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues of Charolais×Simmental×Yellow cattle.【Method】Thirty male hybrid cattle at the age of 18 months were randomly selected for sample collection.After slaughter,subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues were collected and weighted,and samples were simultaneously collected for preparing paraffin sections to observe the histological differences and measuring fatty acids composition and content using the GC-MS technique.【Result】(1) The weight of perirenal adipose tissue (4.58±2.44) kg was significantly higher than that of subcutaneous adipose tissue (3.42±1.31) kg.Perirenal adipocytes had large volume,uneven size,and loose arrangement,while abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes had small volume,uniform size,and close arrangement.The diameters of subcutaneous and perirenal adipocytes were (104.41±25.97) and (101.51±18.79) μm,respectively,without significant difference (P>0.05).(2) A total of 33 fatty acids were detected in both subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues, consisting of 15 SFAs,8 MUFAs and 10 PUFAs.The contents of stearic acid and palmitic acid were the highest among SFAs,content of oleic acid was the highest among MUFAs,and content of linoleic acid was the highest among PUFAs.The composition of fatty acids was similar in both tissues,but the content of each component was significantly different (P<0.01).The contents of SFA,MUFA and PUFA in subcutaneous adipose tissues were (68.58±2.64)%,(21.45±2.14)% and (9.97±1.01)%,respectively,and that in perirenal adipose tissues were (73.16±1.71)%,(18.06±1.25)% and (8.78±1.38)%,respectively.Furthermore,the contents of SFA,MUFA and PUFA were significantly different between the subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues (P<0.01).By principle component analysis (PCA) on fatty acids and correlation analysis on PCA values with adipose tissue weight and adipocyte diameter,the principle components 1,2,4,5 and 7 of perirenal adipose tissue were significantly correlated with adipose tissue weight and adipocyte diameter,while the principle components of subcutaneous adipose tissue had no significant correlation with them.【Conclusion】Differences were observed in weight and morphology between subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues of Charolais×Simmental×Yellow cattle.The composition of fatty acids was similar, while the content of each component was significantly different.Such difference may be associated with site specific fat deposition in adipose tissues of beef cattle. |
| Key words: Charolais×Simmental×Yellow cattle subcutaneous adipose tissue perirenal adipose tissue histomorphology fatty acid composition |
