| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨饲料中不同脂肪源对洛氏鱥(Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski)生长及消化酶和蛋白质代谢酶活性的影响。【方法】以初始体质量为(15.68±0.30) g/尾的洛氏鱥幼鱼为研究对象，在基础饲料中分别添加4.42%的玉米油、豆油、鱼油、棕榈油、猪油、混合油(质量比为：鱼油∶豆油∶猪油=3∶4∶3)，配制成6种等氮等脂的试验饲料，进行为期8周的饲养试验。饲养试验结束后，测定洛氏鱥生长性能指标，肌肉中主要营养成分，蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、谷草转氨酶以及谷丙转氨酶的活力。【结果】混合油组洛氏鱥的终末体质量显著高于豆油、棕榈油及猪油组(P<0.05)，但与玉米油组和鱼油组差异不显著(P>0.05)；混合油组洛氏鱥的饲料效率、蛋白质效率及蛋白质沉积率显著高于棕榈油及猪油组(P<0.05)，但与玉米油、豆油及鱼油组差异不显著(P>0.05)。混合油组和鱼油组洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质含量显著高于玉米油、豆油、棕榈油及猪油组(P<0.05)；猪油组洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗脂肪含量显著高于鱼油组(P<0.05)。混合油组洛氏鱥肝胰脏、前肠及中肠的蛋白酶活性与鱼油组差异不显著(P>0.05)，但二者均显著高于猪油组(P<0.05)；混合油组洛氏鱥后肠蛋白酶活性显著高于豆油、玉米油、猪油以及棕榈油组(P<0.05)。混合油组洛氏鱥肝胰脏的脂肪酶活力显著高于棕榈油组(P<0.05)；混合油、鱼油和玉米油组洛氏鱥中肠的脂肪酶活力差异不显著(P>0.05)，但均显著高于豆油、猪油及棕榈油组(P<0.05)。不同脂肪源饲料对洛氏鱥肝胰脏、前肠、中肠及后肠的淀粉酶活力无显著影响(P>0.05)。混合油组和鱼油组洛氏鱥肝胰脏谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力显著高于猪油组和棕榈油组(P<0.05)。【结论】从洛氏鱥生长性能及消化代谢角度来看，混合油组和鱼油组饲料的效果最好，玉米油、豆油和棕榈油组次之，猪油组最差。 |
| 关键词: 洛氏鱥；生长性能；消化酶；蛋白质代谢酶 饲料配方 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:吉林省科技厅重点科技攻关项目（20160204019NY） |
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| Effects of different lipid diets on growth performance and activities of digestive enzymes and protein metabolizing enzymes of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski |
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LI Min,WU Lifang,LI Liang,,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different lipid sources in diet on growth performance, and activities of digestive enzymes and protein metabolism enzymes of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski were investigated.【Method】Six experimental diets with equal nitrogen and equal lipids were formulated to contain 4.42% lipid from corn oil,soybean oil,fish oil,palm oil,lard and mixed oil with fish oil:soybean oil:lard mass ratio of 3∶4∶3.Each diet was fed to Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski with initial body weight of (15.68±0.30) g/tail.After the feeding trial for 8 weeks,growth performance index,and main nutrient components of muscles were determined,and activities of amylase,lipase,protease,glumtaic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski were determined.【Result】The final mean body weight of mixed oil group was significantly higher than that of soybean oil,palm oil and lard groups (P<0.05),but it was not significantly different from corn oil and fish oil groups (P>0.05).The feed efficiency,protein efficiency and protein deposition rate of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski in mixed oil group were significantly higher than that in palm oil and lard groups (P<0.05),but not significantly different from corn oil,soybean oil and fish oil groups (P>0.05).The crude protein content in muscle of mixed oil and fish oil groups were significantly higher than corn oil,soybean oil,palm oil and lard groups (P<0.05).The crude fat content in muscle of lard group was significantly higher than that in fish oil group (P<0.05).The protease activities in hepatopancreas,fore intestine and mid intestine of mixed oil group were not significantly different from those in fish oil group (P>0.05),but both were significantly higher than lard group (P<0.05).The hind intestine protease activity of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski was significantly higher in mixed oil group than in soybean oil,corn oil,lard and palm oil groups (P<0.05).The lipase activity of hepatopancreas of mixed oil group was significantly higher than that of palm oil group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in lipase activity in midgut of mixed oil,fish oil and corn oil groups (P>0.05),but all of them were significantly higher than soybean oil,lard and palm oil groups (P<0.05).Different lipid sources in the diet had no significant effect on amylase activities of hepatopancreas,fore intestine,mid intestine and hind intestine of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski (P>0.05).The activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in hepatopancreas of mixed oil and fish oil groups were significantly higher than those in lard and palm oil groups (P<0.05).【Conclusion】From the growth performance and digestion metabolism,the mixed oil and fish oil groups were the best,followed by corn oil,soybean oil and palm oil groups,while the lard group was the worst. |
| Key words: Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski growth performance digestive enzyme protein metabolism enzyme feed formula |
