| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析笃斯越桔伴生植物(柴桦、杜香、红豆越橘)在不同立地条件下的矿质元素特性，研究其与笃斯越桔地上部分和地下部分矿质元素含量特征，为进一步探究笃斯越桔生境以及伴生植物对其生长发育的影响提供参考。【方法】以大兴安岭山地、水湿地冻土、水湿地有土壤3种主要立地类型中的笃斯越桔及其伴生植物和土壤为试材，应用差异及相关性分析方法，分析笃斯越桔与其伴生植物常量元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg和微量元素Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu间的差异及相关关系。【结果】(1)笃斯越桔与其伴生植物矿质养分存在差异，常量元素N、Ca含量显著高于伴生植物，Mg元素含量显著低于伴生植物(P<0.05)，微量元素Fe、Zn、Cu含量相对较低。(2)笃斯越桔地上部常量元素含量均高于地下部，而伴生植物地下部除水湿地冻土和水湿地有土壤类型中的Ca、Mg含量与山地类型中K、Ca含量较高外，其余元素含量均以地上部分较高；笃斯越桔Fe、Mn元素含量以地下部高于地上部，柴桦与杜香Mn、Cu含量均为地下部高于地上部，红豆Fe、Cu含量则表现为地下部高于地上部。(3)笃斯越桔伴生植物地上部N、K、Mg、Mn含量与土壤pH呈显著或极显著负相关。地下部Fe含量与土壤全N、全Mn含量呈显著正相关，而N含量与二者呈显著负相关；Ca、Zn、Cu含量均与土壤pH呈显著或极显著正相关。(4)笃斯越桔与其不同伴生植物矿质元素含量间的相关关系存在明显差异，其中笃斯越桔矿质元素与杜香Mg元素及柴桦地上部Zn元素相关性较高，与红豆除地下部Ca元素相关性较弱外，与其余元素均有较强的相关性。【结论】笃斯越桔伴生植物常量元素(N、P、Ca)含量低于笃斯越桔,而微量元素(Fe、Zn)含量较高；笃斯越桔及其伴生植物对土壤养分的利用存在差异，且对笃斯越桔矿质元素的吸收有一定影响。 |
| 关键词: 笃斯越桔 伴生植物 土壤矿质养分 大兴安岭 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业科学技术推广项目（200-621603036） |
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| Characteristics of mineral elements of Vaccinium uliginosum and its associated plants in the Daxing’an Mountains |
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WU Yan,HU Qipeng,BAI Yongchao,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research analyzed the characteristics of mineral elements of associated plants in different site conditions and investigated features of mineral elements in aboveground and underground parts of Vaccinium uliginosum and its associated plants to provide reference for studying the influence of associated plants on growth and development of V. uliginosum.【Method】V. uliginosum and its associated plants (Vacciniumvitis-idaea,Betula fruticosa,and Ledum palustre) in three main site types (meadow bog with soil layer,meadow bog permafrost soil layer and mountain land ) of the Daxing’an Mountains were studied.The difference and correlation analysis methods were used to clarify the relations between major elements (N,P,K,Ca and Mg) and trace elements (Fe,Mn,Zn and Cu) of V. uliginosum and its associated plants.【Result】(1) There were significant differences in contents of mineral nutrients between V. uliginosum and its associated plants.The contents of Ca and N in macro elements in V. uliginosum were significantly higher than that in associated plants (P<0.05),while the content of Mg was lower.The contents of micro elements Fe,Zn and Cu were relatively lower.(2) The contents of macro elements in aboveground part of V. uliginosum were higher than in underground part.As for the associated plants,except the contents of Ca and Mg in underground part of meadow bog permafrost soil layer and meadow bog with soil layer and K and Ca in mountain land were higher,the contents of other elements were higher in the aboveground part.For micro elements,the contents of Fe and Mn in underground part of V. uliginosum were higher than that in aboveground,so were the contents of Mn and Cu of Betula fruticosa and Ledum palustre.Vacciniumvitis-idaea had higher contents of Fe and Cu in underground part.(3) There were significant or extremely significant negative correlations between pH and contents of N,K,Mg and Mn in aboveground part of associated plants.There were significant positive correlations between content of Fe in underground part and total N and total Mn in soil,while content of N had significant negative correlations with both of them.The contents of Ca,Zn and Cu were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with soil pH.(4) There were significant differences in the contents of mineral elements in V. uliginosum and its associated plants.The correlations between mineral elements of V. uliginosum and Mg of Ledum palustre and the correlations between mineral elements and Zn of Betula fruticosa were higher.The correlations between mineral elements and Ca of Vacciniumvitis-idaea was lower,while that with other elements were stronger.【Conclusion】The contents of macro elements (N,P and Ca) and micro elements (Fe and Zn) in associated plants were lower than in V. uliginosum.Therefore,the utilization of soil nutrients by associated plants and V.uliginosum was different,and it had influence on the absorption of mineral elements in V. uliginosum. |
| Key words: Vaccinium uliginosum associated plants soil mineral nutrition Daxing’an Mountains |
