| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示马铃薯根际土壤固氮解磷菌类群，分析其固氮酶活性和溶磷能力，为利用新造地作物根际促生菌提供依据。【方法】以采自延安市安塞区新造地的马铃薯根际土壤为供试样品，采用Ashby培养基和无机磷培养基分离纯化马铃薯根际固氮解磷菌，以16S rDNA基因分析马铃薯根际微生物类群组成，以乙炔还原方法测定其固氮酶活性，以溶菌圈法和钼蓝比色法测定其溶磷能力。【结果】从延安新造地马铃薯根际土壤中分离并筛选到9株固氮解磷菌，经鉴定分别属于假单胞杆菌属（Pseudomonas）、克雷伯氏菌属（Klebsiella）、红球菌属（Rhodococcus）、节杆菌属（Paenarthrobacter）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、贪噬菌属（Variovorax）、肠杆菌属（Kosakonia）和副球菌属（Paracoccus）等8个属；9株固氮解磷菌均具有固氮和溶磷特性，其固氮酶活性在11.88～95.08 nmol/h，其中菌株N34的固氮酶活性最高，且与其他菌株的固氮酶活性差异显著；9株固氮解磷菌株溶磷能力存在一定的差异，溶磷能力为22.05～54.9 mg/L，其中菌株N46的溶磷能力最好，7 d累积溶磷能力达到54.9 mg/L。【结论】分离纯化得到的9株固氮解磷菌均具有一定的固氮解磷能力，可用于开发马铃薯功能菌肥。 |
| 关键词: 新造地；固氮解磷微生物；固氮酶活性；溶磷能力 延安 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:农业部行业专项“研发高效拦截环保材料、高效吸附去除的生物质材料”（2017YFD0800504） |
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| Isolation and characterization of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria from potato rhizosphere of reclaimed cropland |
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WANG Weishuai,YANG Shiqi,YANG Zhengli
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study revealed the cultivable bacteria communities in the rhizosphere of potato and analyzed the bacterial capabilities for nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization to provide basis for utilizing growth promoting rhizobacteria in reclaimed cropland plant.【Method】The rhizosphere soil of potato was collected from Ansai,Yan’an.Using Ashby and inorganic phosphorus medium,the functional bacteria strains were isolated and purified by the plate spread and streak technique.The 16S rDNA was applied to classify the isolates and reveal the community composition.The nitrogenase activities of strains were analyzed through acetylene reduction assay.Phosphorus solubility was determined by halo zone of dissolving phosphate and molybdenum blue colorimetry.【Result】Nine strains of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing strains were screened from potato rhizosphere of reclaimed cropland in Yanan,and they were identified as Pseudomonas,Klebsiella,Rhodococcus,Paenarthrobacter,Bacillus,Variovorax,Kosakonia,Paracoccus.All strains had the characteristics of nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solution and 11.88-95.08 nmol/h nitrogenase activity.The N34 strain had the highest activity of nitrogenase,which was significantly different from other strains.The phosphorus solubility of the strains was different with the range of 22.05-54.9 mg/L.N46 had the best phosphorus dissolution ability,and the accumulated of phosphorus dissolution ability reached 54.9 mg/L in 7 days.【Conclusion】Nine strains with ability of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing were obtained and they can be used to develop bacterial manure of potato. |
| Key words: reclaimed cropland nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria nitrogenase activity phosphate solubilizing Yan’an city |
