| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究生物炭对烤烟生长、根际土壤性质及叶片重金属含量的影响，为生物炭的烟田施用提供理论依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验，设烟杆生物炭用量(生物炭/(土+生物炭)×100%)分别为0%(对照)，0.1%，0.5%，1%，2%，3% 6个处理，依次记为B0、B0.1、B0.5、B1、B2、B3，研究不同用量生物炭对烤烟生长、烟草根际土壤理化性质及烟叶重金属含量的影响，并分析烤烟生长指标、烟草根际土壤理化性质及烟叶重金属含量三者之间的相关关系。【结果】与B0处理相比，生物炭处理还苗期烟草的叶片数无显著变化，但烟草的株高、最大叶面积均增加；生物炭处理提高了团棵期烟草的叶片数、株高、最大叶面积、地上和根干质量。施用生物炭后，还苗期和团棵期烟叶的叶绿素含量总体均降低。与B0处理相比，生物炭处理明显影响了烤烟根际土壤的理化性质，其中土壤体积质量降低，土壤pH以及有机碳、全氮含量增加，全磷含量降低。此外，与B0处理相比，生物炭处理烟草根际土壤硝态氮和速效磷含量均降低；铵态氮含量总体无显著变化；B1、B2和B3处理烟草根际土壤的速效钾含量均增加，其余处理无显著变化。与B0处理相比，生物炭处理总体降低了烟叶中重金属Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn的含量。【结论】施用生物炭促进了烤烟的生长，影响了土壤理化性质，减少叶片中重金属含量，本试验条件下生物炭用量为0.1%和1%时效果较佳。 |
| 关键词: 烟杆生物炭 烤烟农艺性状 烟草根际土壤性质 烟叶重金属 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院部门开放基金项目(DZ2014069) |
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| Effects of biochar amendment on tobacco growth,rhizosphere soil properties and heavy metals contents in tobacco leaf |
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SHAO Huiyun,ZHANG Afeng,LI Ziyue,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effect of biochar on growth of flue-cured tobacco,soil properties and contents of heavy metals in tobacco leaves were studied to provide basis for biochar application in tobacco field.【Method】Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different biochar application rates (biochar/(soil+biochar)×100%) of 0% (control),0.1%,0.5%,1%,2% and 3% (symbolled as B0,B0.1,B0.5,B1,B2,and B3) on tobacco growth,soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metal contents in tobacco leaves.The correlations between flue cured tobacco growth indexes,soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metal contents in tobacco leaves were analyzed.【Result】Compared with the B0 treatment,leaf numbers had no significant change at the seedling stage after biochar application,while plant height and maximum leaf area increased significantly.Biochar amendment increased leaf number,plant height,maximum leaf area,as well as aboveground and root dry weights of tobacco at the rosette stage.The chlorophyll contents in tobacco leaves in the seedling and rosette stages decreased under biochar application. The physical and chemical properties of flue cured tobacco rhizosphere soil were remarkably influenced by biochar amendment,soil bulk density decreased,soil pH and contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen increased, while the total phosphorus content decreased.Compared with the B0 treatment,the contents of soil nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus decreased under biochar amendment,while there was no significant difference in ammonium nitrogen content.The contents of available potassium in the rhizosphere soil increased under B1,B2 and B3 treatments.Biochar amendment also decreased contents of heavy metals (Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn) in tobacco leaves.【Conclusion】The application of biochar promoted tobacco growth,influenced soil physical and chemical properties and decreased heavy metal contents in tobacco leaves.The 0.1% and 1% biochar applications were better under the conditions of this experiment. |
| Key words: tobacco stem derived biochar agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco soil properties of tobacco rhizosphere soil heavy metals in tobacco leaf |
