| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究有机基质加有机营养液的全有机营养模式下番茄最优的水肥施用量组合，为设施番茄有机栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以番茄为试材，有机营养液滴灌量分别设0，3.48，12，20.52和24 L/株5个水平，水分滴灌量依据蒸腾蒸发量（ET）分别设1.2ET，1.26ET，1.40ET，1.54ET，1.60ET 5个水平，采用二因子五水平正交旋转组合设计，设9个处理，进行番茄袋培试验，测定番茄果实7项单一品质指标（可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、有机酸含量、糖酸比、番茄红素含量、维生素 C 含量和可溶性蛋白含量），采用主观层次分析法、客观熵权法对各单一指标进行赋权，再利用基于博弈论的组合赋权法计算各指标权重，然后用近似理想解法构建番茄果实综合品质评价指标，建立评价综合品质的数学模型，并分析其对有机肥水耦合的响应关系。【结果】采用基于博弈论的组合赋权法确定的单一品质指标权重次序为：番茄红素含量＞可溶性蛋白含量＞可溶性糖含量＞可溶性固形物含量＞糖酸比＞有机酸含量＞维生素C含量。所建模型达到显著水平，随有机营养液和水分滴灌量的增加，番茄果实综合品质均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，二者的交互作用对综合品质的影响为正效应，任一单因素对综合品质的影响均为负效应，其中有机营养液滴灌量对综合品质的影响效应大于水分。当有机营养液滴灌量为10.30 L/株、水分滴灌量为1.35ET时，番茄果实综合品质评价值最高，为0.98。【结论】有机肥水耦合能显著提升番茄果实综合品质，合理控制有机营养液和水分滴灌量可以有效改善番茄果实综合品质。 |
| 关键词: 番茄有机栽培 全有机营养 有机肥水耦合 综合品质评价 |
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| 基金项目:国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目（CARS-23-C05）；国家“十三五”重点研发项目（2016YFD0201005）；陕西省重点研发项目（2017ZDXM-NY-003） |
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| Construction of integrated quality index of tomato with total organic nutrition and its response to organic fertilizer and water coupling |
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MA Lele,GAO Ning,YANG Bailiang,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The optimal combination of organic nutrient solution and water drip irrigation for tomato was studied under organic nutrition with organic matrix and organic nutrient solution to provide theoretical basis for organic cultivation of tomato facilities.【Method】The drip volume of organic nutrients was set to 5 levels of 0,3.48,12,20.52 and 24 L/plant,and the water drip volume was set to 5 levels of 1.2ET,1.26ET,1.4ET,1.54ET,and 1.60ET.The two-factor five-level orthogonal rotation combination was designed with a total of nine treatments for tomato bag cultivation test.After determining seven quality indicators of tomato fruit (soluble solids content,soluble sugar content,organic acid content,sugar-acid ratio,lycopene content,vitamin C content and soluble protein content),the weight of each indicator was calculated by subjective analytic hierarchy process,objective entropy method,and weighted combination method based on game theory.Then,an evaluation index for comprehensive quality of tomato fruit was constructed by using an approximate ideal solution, a mathematical model of comprehensive quality was established,and the response relationship of organic fertilizer and water was analyzed.【Result】The weight order of the quality indicators determined by combination weighting method was lycopene content>soluble protein content>soluble sugar content>soluble solids content>sugar acid ratio>organic acid content>vitamin C content.The established model reached a significant level.With the increase of organic nutrient solution and water drip irrigation amount, the overall quality of tomato fruit showed a trend of increasing first followed by decrease.The interaction between the two had positive effect on the overall quality.Each single factor had negative effect on the overall quality,and the effect of organic nutrient drip irrigation on overall quality was greater than that of water.When the organic nutrient drip volume was 10.30 L/plant and the water drip volume was 1.35ET,the comprehensive evaluation value of tomato fruit was the highest of 0.98.【Conclusion】Coupling of organic fertilizer and water can significantly enhance the overall quality of tomato fruit.Reasonable control of organic nutrient solution and water drip volume can effectively improve the overall quality of tomato fruit. |
| Key words: tomato organic cultivation organic nutrition organic fertilizer water coupling comprehensive quality evaluation |
