| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨苜蓿秋眠级与其生产性能及越冬的关系，筛选适宜在呼和浩特及周边地区种植的苜蓿品种。【方法】以国内外5个不同秋眠级苜蓿品种为材料，2014-05-20将其播种于和林格尔试验地，2015-2017年连续3年调查物候期和越冬率，测定苜蓿鲜、干草产量及营养成分(干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF))含量，计算相对饲用价值(RFV)，根据3年平均干草产量与RFV的耦合作用筛选出最优苜蓿品种。【结果】秋眠级越低的苜蓿品种，其春季返青越晚；秋眠级越高的苜蓿品种，其越冬率越低。5个不同秋眠级苜蓿品种3年平均鲜、干草产量均存在极显著差异(P＜0.01)，其中以金皇后苜蓿鲜、干草产量最高，极显著高于其他苜蓿品种(P＜0.01)；草原3号苜蓿的3年平均CP含量和RFV值最高、ADF和NDF含量最低；驯鹿苜蓿的3年平均ADF、NDF含量极显著高于其他苜蓿品种(除金皇后ADF含量外)。根据苜蓿3年平均干草产量与RFV值的耦合结果，确定金皇后和草原3号属于最佳苜蓿品种。【结论】苜蓿秋眠级别与越冬率呈显著负相关关系，秋眠级为1～3级的苜蓿品种金皇后和草原3号在3年鲜草产量、干草产量、越冬率及营养品质方面均表现较好，适宜在呼和浩特及周边地区种植推广。 |
| 关键词: 苜蓿品种 牧草营养 越冬率 |
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| 基金项目:国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项“土默特平原苜蓿高效种植技术研究与示范”（201403048-05）；中欧政府间国际合作重点专项“牧草与豆类作物育种以提高欧盟和中国蛋白质自给”（2017YFE0111000） |
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| Comparison of yield, nutrition quality and winter surviving rate of alfalfa varieties with different fall dormancy levels |
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WANG Xiaolong,,MI Fugui,JIN Huiqing,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fall dormancy on yield,nutritive value and winter surviving rate of different alfalfa varieties for selecting proper alfalfa varieties in Hohhot and surrounding areas.【Method】Five alfalfa varieties were selected and sowed in Helinger on May 20,2014.The growth and winter surviving rates were observed from 2015 to 2017,and dry matter (DM),crude protein (CP),acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were analyzed.Fresh yield,hay yield and relative feed value (RFV) were calculated.The optimal alfalfa variety was determined based on hay yield and RFV.【Result】Alfalfa varieties with lower fall dormancy levels had later returning green time in spring,while those with higher fall dormancy levels had lower winter surviving rates.The three years averaged fresh yield and hay yield of the five varieties had very significant difference (P<0.01).The fresh yield and hay yield of Gold empress were the highest and very significantly higher than that of other varieties (P<0.01).Caoyuan No.3 had the highest CP and RFV,but the lowest ADF and NDF.ADF and NDF of Caribou was very significant higher than other alfalfa varieties （except ADF of the Gold empress）(P<0.01).Caoyuan No.3 and Gold empress were better than other alfalfa varieties.【Conclusion】There was significantly negative correlation between fall dormancy and winter surviving rate.The varieties of Gold empress and Caoyuan No.3 with fall dormancy levels of 1-3 had better fresh yield,hay yield,winter surviving rate and nutrition over the three years,and they were suitable for planting and promotion in Hohhot and surrounding areas. |
| Key words: alfalfa varieties herbage nutritive value winter surviving rate |
