| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨锌与农药配合喷施对小麦籽粒锌累积、分配及转移的影响，以期为简化小麦籽粒锌强化技术提供理论依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验，设置喷施锌和施农药2个因素，其中喷锌因子分为不喷锌（Zn0）和喷4 g/L ZnSO4·7H2O（Zn1）2个水平，喷施农药因子分为不喷农药（NS）、喷三唑酮（Tr）和吡虫啉（Im）3个水平，采用完全方案，共计6个处理。通过测定小麦籽粒全Zn含量，研究锌与农药配合喷施对小麦籽粒富锌效果的影响；测定小麦各营养器官（茎秆、叶片和颖壳）全Zn含量和不同形态（可溶和非可溶性）Zn含量，并计算花前和花后Zn吸收量及其向籽粒的转移量，以探讨锌与农药配合喷施对Zn在小麦体内转移和分配的影响及机制。【结果】与不喷锌处理相比，无论单独喷锌（Zn1+NS）还是锌与农药配合喷施（Zn1+Tr或Zn1+Im），均能显著提高小麦籽粒干质量及全Zn含量。相较于单独喷锌处理（Zn1+NS），锌与农药配合喷施（Zn1+Tr或Zn1+Im）对籽粒全Zn含量无显著影响，但籽粒干质量均增加17%以上，因而籽粒Zn携出量显著增加。与单独喷锌处理（Zn1+NS）相比，锌与农药配合喷施处理（Zn1+Tr或Zn+Im）小麦茎秆、叶片和颖壳全Zn含量和Zn携出量均显著提高，其中叶片和颖壳增幅大于茎秆。此外，锌与农药配合喷施处理（Zn1+Tr或Zn1+Im）小麦花后Zn吸收量及其向籽粒的转移量均显著高于单独喷锌处理（Zn1+NS）。单独喷锌处理（Zn1+NS）颖壳可溶性Zn占全Zn的比例为60.8%，而锌与农药配合喷施处理（Zn1+Tr或Zn1+Im）颖壳可溶性Zn占全Zn比例均达70%以上。【结论】锌与农药配合喷施不会显著影响Zn肥的籽粒富锌效果，但能提高营养器官对Zn的吸收及有效增加Zn向籽粒的转移及累积。因此，锌与农药配合喷施可作为小麦籽粒锌强化的有效措施。 |
| 关键词: 锌肥 锌累积 锌转移 小麦 叶面喷施 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31662233，1371288） |
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| Effect of combined foliar application of zinc and pesticides on accumulation,distribution and transfer of zinc in wheat |
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CHEN Juan,WANG Shaoxia,TIAN Xiaohong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of combined foliar application of Zn with pesticides on Zn accumulation,translocation,and distribution were investigated to provide basis for grain Zn fortification technology in wheat.【Method】Soil culture experiment was conducted and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.,Xiao-yan 22) was sprayed with two Zn levels of distilled water (Zn0) and 4 g/L ZnSO4·7H2O (Zn1) with three pesticide types of distilled water (NS),triadimefon (Tr) and imidacloprid (Im).There were a total of 6 treatments.By analyzing grain total Zn concentration,the effect of combined foliar application of Zn with pesticides on grain Zn bio fortification was evaluated.The total Zn concentration and soluble Zn concentration in vegetative organs (stem,leaf and glume) were measured and the shoot Zn uptakesand Zn translocation to grain before and after anthesis were calculated.【Result】Compared with Zn0,Zn1 and Zn combined with pesticides (Zn1+Tr or Zn1+Im) significantly increased dry weight and total Zn concentration in grain. Compared with the Zn1+NS treatment,combined applications had no significant effect on total Zn concentration in wheat grain,but dry weight of grain was increased by more than 17% and grain Zn content was increased significantly.Compared with Zn1+NS,combined applications increased total Zn concentration and content in vegetative organs of wheat,and the increase in leaves and glumes was higher than in stems.The shoot Zn uptake and mobilization to grain after anthesis in Zn1+Tr and Zn1+Im treatments were higher than in Zn1+NS treatment.The soluble Zn ratio to total Zn in Zn1+NS treatment was 60.8%,while that in Zn1+Tr and Zn1+Im treatments were higher than 70%.【Conclusion】Combined foliar application of Zn with pesticides had no significant adverse impact on grain Zn,but enhanced Zn transfer to grain and grain Zn accumulation by increasing Zn uptake and availability in vegetative tissues.Therefore,combined foliar application of Zn with pesticides is an effective and simple measure to increase zinc bio fortification in wheat grains. |
| Key words: Zn fertilizer Zn accumulation Zn translocation wheat foliar spraying |
