| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨饲料中添加不同水平碳水化合物对洛氏鱥(Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski)生长、饲料利用及非特异性免疫的影响。【方法】选取洛氏鱥幼鱼((7.64±0.04) g/尾)为研究对象，配制5种等氮(360.0 g/kg)、等脂肪(60.0 g/kg)及碳水化合物水平分别为0.0%(对照组)，10.0%，16.0%，22.0%和28.0%的试验饲料，在控温单循环养殖系统中进行为期8周的饲养试验。试验结束后测算洛氏鱥生长性能指标，并采用国际标准方法测定洛氏鱥肌肉主要营养成分，采用试剂盒测定洛氏鱥肝胰脏中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和溶菌酶(LZM)的活性。【结果】在本试验条件下，洛氏鱥终末体质量、体质量增加率、特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率均随碳水化合物水平的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势，其中以16.0%碳水化合物水平组最高，其洛氏鱥的终末体质量、体质量增加率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)。用折线回归模型拟合得出，当体质量增加率达到最大时，饲料中碳水化合物最适水平为15.84%；当特定生长率达到最大时，饲料中碳水化合物最适水平为15.94%。28.0%碳水化合物水平组洛氏鱥肌肉中粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)，其他组与对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05)；除10.0%和16.0%碳水化合物水平组粗蛋白质含量与对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05)外，其他组显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)；洛氏鱥肝胰脏的AKP、LZM和ACP活性随饲料碳水化合物的增加呈先上升后下降趋势，其中16.0%，22.0%，28.0%组AKP和ACP活性均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)，22.0%和28.0%组肝胰脏的LZM活性显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；SOD活性随碳水化合物水平的升高呈下降趋势，且10.0%，16.0%，22.0%，28.0%组均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下，洛氏鱥幼鱼配合饲料中适宜的碳水化合物水平为15.84%~15.94%。 |
| 关键词: 洛氏鱥 碳水化合物 生长 饲料利用 非特异性免疫 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:吉林省科技厅重点科技攻关项目（20160204019NY） |
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| Effects of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance,feed utilization and non-specific immunity indexes of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski |
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QU Zihui,WU Lifang,ZHOU Kai,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance,feed utilization and non specific immunity indexes of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski were evaluated.【Method】R. lagowskii Dybowski with initial weight of (7.64±0.04) g/tail were assigned to five groups fed with isonitrogenous (crude protein 360.0 g/kg and 60.0 g/kg lipid) formulated diets containing 0.0%,10.0%,16.0%,22.0%,and 28.0% carbohydrates for 8 weeks.After the feeding trial, growth performance was calculated,muscle nutrients were determined using national standard methods,and activities of serum alkaline acid enzyme (AKP),acid phosphatase (ACP),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme (LZM) were measured.【Result】In this experiment,with the increase of carbohydrate level,body weight,weight gain rate,feed efficiency ratio,specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio increased initially and then decreased after the peaks at 16.0%,which had significantly higher body weight,weight gain rate and feed efficiency ratio than those in control group (P＜0.05).By the polyline regression model,weight gain rate reached the maximum at the carbohydrate level of 15.84% and specific growth rate reached the maximum at carbohydrate level of 15.94%.When the feed carbohydrate level was 28.0%,crude fat was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between other groups and control group (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in crude protein when the feed carbohydrate levels were 10.0% and 16.0% (P＞0.05),but crude protein in other groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).When the feed carbohydrate levels were 16.0%,22.0% and 28.0%, the activities of AKP and ACP were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).When the feed carbohydrate levels were 22.0% and 28.0%,the activity of LZM in hepatopancreas was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).With the increase of carbohydrate level, the activity of SOD decreased,and it was significantly lower than that in control group when the feed carbohydrate levels were 10.0%,16.0%,22.0% and 28.0% (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】According to this experiment,the suitable carbohydrate level in formulated diets of juvenile P. lagowskii Dybowski is 15.84%-15.94%. |
| Key words: Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski carbohydrate growth performance feed utilization non specific immunity |
