| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对48个蝴蝶兰品种数量性状和分组性状的判定进行研究，为建立蝴蝶兰品种DUS性状的科学判定方法提供支持。【方法】依据DUS测试指南，对蝴蝶兰植株大小、叶片长度、叶片宽度、花序长度、花朵数量、花序梗长度、花序梗粗度、花长度、花宽度、萼片长度、萼片宽度、花瓣长度、花瓣宽度、唇瓣中裂片长度、唇瓣中裂片宽度等15个数量性状进行测量并采集数据，利用SPSS统计分析软件，采用LSD最小显著差法和主成分分析法对数据进行分析。【结果】依据蝴蝶兰15个数量性状表达均值和极差，采用LSD最小显著差法，将其划分为9级表达状态；蝴蝶兰不同部位数量性状的变异系数的平均值表现为花序性状（31.83%）>花瓣性状（25.72%）>萼片性状（23.40%）>叶片性状（20.26%）>唇瓣性状（18.96%），其中花序长度与花朵数量的选择空间较大，变异系数分别为34.63%和44.59%；叶片宽度的多样性指数较大，为2.099 8，DUS表达状态较为丰富，但有可能存在性状稳定性问题；通过主成分分析，在15个数量性状中选择出花宽度、叶片长度、花朵数量3个性状作为分组性状。【结论】可以利用主成分分析法确定DUS测试数量性状的分组性状；数量性状的分级存在不稳定因素，如品种内变异、栽培条件、地域差异等，不能以固定的性状表达范围作为分级标准，需要大量数据支撑并进行年度校正。 |
| 关键词: 蝴蝶兰 数量性状 分组性状 DUS判定 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:农业部品种资源保护项目（1120162130135396009） |
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| DUS testing evaluation of quantitative and grouping characters of Phalaenopsis |
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ZHANG Peng,WANG Jiangmin,GUAN Junjiao,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The quantitative and grouping characters of 48 Phalaenopsis varieties were evaluated to provide support for establishing scientific judging methods of DUS characters in Phalaenopsis varieties.【Method】According to the DUS testing guidelines,15 quantitative characters were measured and collected including plant length,leaf length,leaf width,inflorescence length,flower number,peduncle length,peduncle width,flowers length,flowers width,dorsal sepal length,dorsal sepal width,petal length,petal width,apical lobe length,and apical lobe width.All data were analyzed by least significant difference method and principal component analysis with SPSS 20.0.【Result】According to the expression means and ranges of 15 quantitative characters of butterfly orchid,the least significant difference method was used to divide them into 9 expression levels.The average variation ranges of quantitative characteristics at different parts were in the order of inflorescence characters (31.83%)>petals characters (25.72%)>dorsal sepals characters (23.40%)>leaves characters (20.26%)>apical lobes characters (18.96%).Inflorescence length and flower number had large choice space with variation coefficients of 34.63% and 44.59%.The diversity index of leaf width was large (2.099 8),and its expression status was abundant in DUS,but there may be some stability problem.Through principal component analysis of the 15 quantitative characters,flowers width,leaf length,and flower number were selected as grouping characters.【Conclusion】Principal component analysis can be used as a basis for selection of grouping characters in DUS testing.There were unstable factors in quantitative characters,such as variation within varieties,cultivation conditions,regional differences,etc.Fixed division range cannot be used as a standard and large amount of data and annual adjustment are needed. |
| Key words: Phalaenopsis quantitative characteristics grouping characteristics DUS judgement |
