| 摘要: |
| 【目的】以云雾山典型草原群落为例，探讨不同干扰方式（封育、放牧和火烧）下黄土区典型草原群落结构和空间异质性的变化。【方法】以放牧、封育23年和火烧后5年的草地为样地，在其中设置样方，调查物种频度、多度、盖度、高度和地上生物量等指标，基于幂函数法则，分析种群空间异质性的变化。【结果】不同干扰方式下，群落的主要建群种发生了明显改变：封育地群落的建群种为甘青针茅、披碱草和白莲蒿；放牧地群落的主要建群种为干生苔草、猪毛蒿和百里香；火烧地群落的建群种为白莲蒿、甘青针茅和干生苔草。草地群落中的不同种群在不同干扰方式下的空间分布情况与幂函数法则具有较好的吻合性，且在实际分布中都具有较强的空间异质性；不同种群在不同干扰方式下的空间异质性具有特异性；放牧草地的群落空间异质性（1.258 6）高于火烧地（1.002 1），火烧草地的群落空间异质性高于封育地（0.485 3），封育草地群落的均匀性较好。物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在放牧地和火烧地均显著高于封育地，Pielou均匀度指数在封育地显著高于放牧地和火烧地，Simpson多样性指数在3类草地间无显著差异。【结论】在黄土高原典型草原，放牧和火烧干扰增强了群落整体的空间异质性，使不同植物种群的空间异质性也发生了明显变化。 |
| 关键词: 典型草原 植物群落 幂函数法则 空间异质性 云雾山 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31302013）；河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A2302812013）；河南科技大学博士启动基金项目(09001634） |
|
| Response of spatial heterogeneity of grassland communities to different disturbance regimes in typical steppe of Yunwu Mountain |
|
HE Qingbo,ZHAO Lingping,TAN Shitu,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was conducted to explore structure and spatial heterogeneity of typical steppe communities in response to different disturbance regimes (fencing, grazing and burning) in typical steppe on Loess Plateau using Yunwu Mountain as a case study.【Method】Based on power law,the frequency,abundance,coverage,height and aboveground biomass of species were measured to analyze spatial heterogeneity in different grasslands (grazing,fencing for 23 years and 5 years after burning).【Result】 Different disturbances changed the dominant species of communities.The dominant species of fenced communities were Stipa przewalskyi,Artemisia sacrorum and Elymus dahuricus.The dominant species of the grazed communities were Carex aridula,Artemisia scoparia and Thymus mongolicus.The dominant species of the burned communities were Artemisia sacrorum,Stipa przewalskyi and Carex aridula.Under different disturbances,the spatial distribution of different populations in grassland communities had good concordance with power functions,and all had strong spatial heterogeneity in actual distribution.The spatial heterogeneity was species specific in different disturbance regimes.The order of the spatial heterogeneity in these three grasslands was grazed grasslands (1.258 6)>burned grasslands (1.002 1)>fenced grasslands (0.485 3).The uniformity of fenced grasslands was higher than grazed grasslands and burned grasslands.The species richness and Shannon Wiener diversity index in fenced grasslands were significantly lower than those in grazed and burned grasslands,and the Pielou evenness index in fenced grasslands was significantly higher than those in grazed and burned grasslands.There was no significant difference in the Simpson index.【Conclusion】In typical steppe on the Loess Plateau,grazing and burning improved the spatial heterogeneity of communities, and significantly changed the spatial heterogeneity of different plant populations. |
| Key words: typical steppe plant communities power law spatial heterogeneity Yunwu Mountain |
