| 摘要: |
| 【目的】建立基于地形地貌的地貌瞬时单位线汇流模型（R-V GIUH），为提高临界雨量计算精度提供参考。【方法】基于流域数字高程模型（DEM），经水文分析后计算得到地貌参数，并结合水动力参数建立R-V GIUH，利用实测的洪水过程对模型进行参数率定和验证;然后基于汇流模型的计算结果，采用水位流量反推法进行临界雨量的计算，并以陈家河流域为例进行临界雨量的实例分析。【结果】利用建立的R-V GIUH，计算得到陈家河流域的霍顿（Horton）河数率为4.20，河长率为2.66，面积率为3.11。利用建立的汇流模型计算得到1%，2%，5%，10%，20%频率对应的洪峰流量分别为436.7，340.3，233.0，163.2和99.5 m3/s，在地貌瞬时单位线法得到的频率 洪峰流量（P-Qmp）关系曲线上推求出成灾频率为1.75%，进而计算得到土壤含水量50 mm、降雨历时为1，3，6，12，24 h时对应的临界雨量分别是52，90，104，125和152 mm。【结论】R-V GIUH建立在DEM的基础上，能够很好适用于资料匮乏地区的汇流计算，并且有效提高了临界雨量的计算精度。 |
| 关键词: 地貌瞬时单位线法 水位流量反推法 汇流模型 临界雨量 洪水预测 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省水利科技项目（2014slkj-01，2017slkj-18） |
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| Critical rainfall calculation based on R-V GIUH |
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WANG Xinhong,WU Wei,TANG Yongpeng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This paper established a model of topography geomorphic instantaneous unit hydrograph based on landform (R-V GIUH) to provide basis for improving the accuracy of critical rainfall calculation.【Method】Based on the DEM,the geomorphic parameters were calculated after hydrological analysis,and the confluence model R V GIUH was built with hydrodynamic parameters.The parameters of the model were determined and validated by the measured flood process.Then,the critical rainfall was calculated by the stage/discharge inversion method.As a case study,the critical rainfall of Chenjia River tributary was calculated.【Result】The R-V GIUH model obtained that the Horton bifurcation ratio of Chenjia River tributary was 4.20,the length ratio was 2.66 and the area ratio was 3.11.The peak discharge rates of 1%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20% were 436.7,340.3,233.0,163.2 and 99.5 m3/s,respectively.The disaster frequency was 1.75% from the frequency peak discharge（P-Qmp）rate curve of the instantaneous unit hydrograph.The critical rainfall corresponding to 1,3,6,12 and 24 h were 52,90,104,125 and 152 mm,respectively.【Conclusion】The DEM based R V GIUH confluence model can be well applied to calculate the confluence for data deficient areas and effectively improved the computational accuracy of critical rainfall. |
| Key words: geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph stage/discharge inversion method confluence model critical rainfall flood forecasting |
