| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究干旱处理后2个苹果砧木根系的生长状态并评价其抗旱性，为选育优良抗旱苹果砧木提供理论依据。【方法】以抗旱性不同的苹果砧木富平楸子（Malus prunifolia）和G935为材料，控制土壤含水量为45%～55%，进行为期60 d的中度干旱胁迫处理，同时以正常浇水、土壤含水量为75%～80%的处理为对照。试验结束后，测量2种砧木干旱胁迫处理和对照苗木的地上及地下部生物量，扫描根系获得根长、根尖数、根系总表面积和总体积，并测定根系总可溶性蛋白含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性，比较2种砧木在干旱胁迫下根系的生长变化。【结果】干旱处理后，与对照相比，2种砧木地上和地下部生物量均呈下降趋势，富平楸子根冠比、根干质量、株高、地径均显著高于G935，其根总长、根尖数、根系总表面积和总体积均大于G935，仅茎干质量差异不显著；2种砧木根系SOD和POD活性均较对照有所增强，且楸子根系酶活性显著高于G935；2种砧木根系中可溶性蛋白含量均较对照有所下降，但二者差异不显著。【结论】干旱胁迫下，富平楸子根系具有更大的生物量，保护酶活性更强，因此能更好地维持根系生长，抗旱性也更强。 |
| 关键词: 苹果 砧木 抗旱性 干旱胁迫 |
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| 基金项目:陕西青年科技新星项目（2015kjxx-14） |
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| Drought resistance of root system of apple rootstocks Malus prunifolia and G935 |
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LI Haiyan,GENG Dali,NIU Chundong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The present experiment studied the effects of drought stress on root system of two apple rootstocks to provide basis for breeding excellent apple rootstocks.【Method】Malus prunifolia and G935 with different drought resistances were treated with soil water content of 45%-55% for 60 d as moderate drought stress,while soil water content of 75%-80% was used as control.After treatment,the biomasses of shoot and root,root length,root tip number,total root surface area,root volume,root total soluble protein,as well as activities of SOD and POD were measured and compared.【Result】Drought stress decreased the biomasses of shoot and root in both root stocks comparing to control.However,the ratio of root to shoot,root dry weight,shoot length and stem diameter of M.prunifolia were significantly higher than that of G935 after drought treatment.The root length,root number,root total surface area and volume of M.prunifolia were also greater while the dry weight of stem had no significant difference between the two rootstocks.Drought increased the activities of SOD and POD in both rootstocks,and M.prunifolia had higher activities than G935.【Conclusion】Under drought stress,M.prunifolia had larger root biomass and stronger protective enzyme activities.Therefore,M.prunifolia has better root growth and drought resistance. |
| Key words: apple root stock drought resistance drought stress |
