| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究舍内相对湿度（RH）对肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响，为标准化养殖环境控制提供数据支持。【方法】将270只1日龄健康AA肉公鸡随机分成正常对照组（60% RH）、低湿组（30% RH）和高湿组（90% RH）3组，每组6个重复，每个重复15只。试验在人工气候实验舱内进行，试验期为42 d。在肉鸡21和42日龄时，测定不同RH下肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质指标。【结果】1～21日龄阶段，与对照组相比，低湿组肉鸡平均日增重（ADG）显著降低（P<0.05），料重比（F/G）显著增加（P<0.05）；高湿组ADG、F/G、平均日采食量(ADFI)差异均不显著（P>0.05）。在22～42日龄阶段，与对照组相比，低湿组肉鸡ADFI和ADG显著降低（P<0.05）；高湿组ADFI显著降低（P<0.05）。1～42日龄，与对照组相比，低湿组ADFI和ADG显著降低（P<0.05），F/G增加（P>0.05）；高湿组ADFI和ADG降低，F/G提高，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，高湿组42日龄肉鸡屠宰率显著降低（P<0.05），21日龄肉鸡胸肌的蒸煮损失显著提高（P<0.05），21日龄肉鸡胸肌的剪切力显著降低（P<0.05）；低湿组42日龄肉鸡胸肌的黄度值(b*)值显著提高（P<0.05）。【结论】低湿或高湿均不利于肉鸡生长，其中低湿可显著降低肉鸡平均日增重和饲料转化率，而高湿则显著影响肉鸡的屠宰性能及肉品质。 |
| 关键词: 相对湿度 肉鸡 生产性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0500509）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-42)；中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目（ASTIP-IAS07） |
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| Effect of relative humidity on growth performance,slaughter and meat quality of broilers |
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SUN Yongbo,LUAN Sujun,WANG Ya,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study was conducted to investigate the effects of relative humidity on broiler performance,slaughter performance and meat quality to provide useful data for environmental control of standardized breeding.【Method】A total of 270 1-day-old AA broiler chickens were randomly divided into 3 treatments,control group (60% RH),low relative humidity group (30% RH) and high relative humidity group (90% RH),with 6 replicates of 15 broilers per replicate.The experiment was conducted in an artificial climate chamber of state key laboratory of animal nutrition and lasted for 42 d.Performance, slaughter performance and meat quality were measured at 21 and 42 days old,respectively.【Result】Compared with the control group,the average daily gain (ADG) in low relative humidity group was significantly lower (P<0.05) and the feed/gain ratio (F/G) was significantly higher (P<0.05) of broilers at the age of 1-21 days (P<0.05).ADG,F/G and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in high relative humidity group showed no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05).ADFI and ADG in the low relative humidity group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05),and ADFI in the high relative humidity group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) of broilers at the age of 22-42 days.At the age of 1 to 42 days,compared with the control group,ADFI and ADG in the low relative humidity group were significantly lower (P<0.05) and F/G was higher (P>0.05).ADFI and ADG in the high relative humidity group were reduced while F/G was increased without significant differences (P>0.05).The dressing rate of 42 day old chickens in the high relative humidity group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,at the age of 21 days,the cooking loss of broilers was significantly improved and the shear stress was significantly reduced in the high relative humidity treatment (P<0.05).The b value of breast muscle in 42-day-old broilers was significantly increased in the low relative humidity group.【Conclusion】Low or high relative humidity is not conducive to the growth of broilers,since low humidity significantly decreased average daily gain and feed conversion while high humidity significantly affected slaughter performance and meat quality. |
| Key words: relative humidity broilers growth performance slaughter performance meat quality |
