| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究增施CO2和LED补光对日光温室秋冬季番茄光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响，分析其互作效应，找出最适组合，实现日光温室番茄高产高效生产模式。【方法】以‘金棚1号’番茄为试材，采用裂区设计，以CO2含量为主区，共设3个水平(C1：自然条件下的CO2含量为（400±50 ）μL/L；C2：增施CO2，使其含量为（800±50） μL/L；C3：增施CO2，使其含量为（1 200±50） μL/L)；光照强度为副区,2个水平(L1：自然光照（100~600 μmol/(m2·s)）；L2：自然光照+LED补光100 μmol/(m2·s))，共6个处理（L1C1(对照)、L1C2、L1C3、L2C1、L2C2、L2C3），研究增施CO2及LED补光后番茄光合特性、干物质积累和产量的变化。【结果】增施CO2和LED补光对番茄叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量总体影响不大，但显著降低了L1C2和L2C3叶绿素a/b值。相同光照强度条件下，除L2C2处理外，CO2含量的升高显著降低了其他处理的气孔限制值，明显提高了净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率，L2C2净光合速率增加主要受气孔限制因素的影响，而其他处理主要受非气孔限制因素影响。CO2含量升高及LED补光均显著降低了叶片气孔密度，提高了植株的总干鲜质量与产量，其中增施CO2对植株干鲜质量、单果质量与产量的影响更显著。６个处理中，L2C2处理产量最高，为36 349.33 kg/hm2。【结论】增施CO2和LED补光降低了番茄叶片的气孔限制值，从而提高了番茄的净光合速率，促进了干物质积累，提高了番茄的产量。综合考虑产量及经济效益，CO2含量为800 μL/L+LED补光100 μmol/(m2·s)为最优处理。 |
| 关键词: 增施CO2 LED补光 番茄 光合作用 番茄产量 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目（2016NY-165）；山西省煤基重点科技攻关项目（FT201402） |
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| Effects of CO2 enrichment and LED light supplement on tomato growth in greenhouse |
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YUE Dingyi,PAN Tonghua,WANG Jiawei,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of CO2 enrichment and light supplement on photosynthesis,dry matter accumulation and yield of tomato and analyzed the coupling effects to obtain the best combination and achieve high yield and profit.【Method】‘Jinpeng 1’ was planted according to split plot design with three CO2 concentrations as main plots (C1（400±50） μL/L CO2, C2（ 800±50 ） μL/L and C3（ 1200±50） μL/L) and two light intensities as subplots (L1 natural light （100-600 μmol/(m2·s)） and L2 natural light and LED light supplement of 100 μmol/(m2·s)) for six treatments (L1C1,L1C2,L1C3,L2C1,L2C2,and L2C3).Then,the effects of CO2 and LED light on photosynthetic,dry matter accumulation and yield of tomato were determined.【Result】 CO2 enrichment and light supplement had slight effects on contents of photosynthetic pigments but decreased Chla/b ratio in L1C2 and L2C3 treatments notably. With same light intensity,CO2 enrichment decreased stomatal limitation significantly and increased net photosynthesis (Pn),intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci),stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) except for L2C2 treatment. L2C2 was mainly affected by stomatal limitation factors,while other treatments were mainly affected by non stomatal restriction factors. CO2 enrichment and LED supplement decreased stomatal density significantly and increased fresh weight and dry matter of tomato plants.The effects of CO2 enrichment on fresh and dry weight of plant,fruit weight and yield were more significant than that of light supplement.L2C2 had the highest yield of 36 349.33 kg/hm2.【Conclusion】 LED supplement and CO2 enrichment increased tomato leaves Pn by reducing stomatal limitation and promoted dry matter accumulation and tomato yield.L2C2 was the best treatment with the consideration of yield and economic benefit. |
| Key words: CO2 enrichment LED light supplement tomato photosynthesis yield of tomato |
