| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确二斑叶螨对杀虫杀螨剂的多重抗性机制，为延缓二斑叶螨抗性发展及其抗性治理提供依据。【方法】以螺螨酯、甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素为靶标，通过室内抗性汰选获得二斑叶螨多重抗性品系（Mp-R），采用生化分析方法研究了Mp-R和敏感品系(SS)羧酸酯酶（CarEs）、谷胱甘肽S 转移酶（GSTs）和多功能氧化酶（MFOs）的活性差异，并估计了其抗性遗传力及相对适合度。【结果】经过连续50代室内抗性选育，二斑叶螨对阿维菌素、甲氰菊酯和螺螨酯的抗性倍数分别为603.03，167.65和51.77倍，其抗性发展趋势分别呈“慢 快 慢”，“慢 快”及缓慢上升趋势；与敏感品系相比，3大解毒酶活力在二斑叶螨各发育阶段均未见大幅度上升，仅Mp R品系卵中MFOs比活力上升幅度最大，为SS品系的1.8倍；二斑叶螨对螺螨酯、甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素的抗性遗传力分别为0.020 3，0.038 7和0.064 2；Mp-R品系相对适合度为0.381 8(Rf＜1)，存在一定程度的生殖不利性。【结论】阿维菌素的抗性遗传力最大，具有较高的抗性风险；甲氰菊酯次之；螺螨酯的抗性遗传力最小，抗性风险较低；阿维菌素、甲氰菊脂和螺螨酯混用有利于二斑叶螨抗性治理。 |
| 关键词: 二斑叶螨 多重抗性 解毒酶 抗性遗传力 相对适合度 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31260442)；公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103020) |
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| Selection of multiple-resistant strain and detoxification enzyme activities of Tetranychus urticae (Acari:Tetranychidae) |
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ZHOU Xinglong,YANG Shunyi,LI Jingjing
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This paper researched multiple-resistant mechanism to offer theoretical basis to delay resistance development and resistance management of Tetranychus urticae.【 Method】The multiple resistant strain (Mp-R) was selected in indoor conditions, and its heritability and relative fitness were estimated.The activity differences of CarEs,GSTs,and MFOs in Mp-R strain and SS strain were also tested using biochemical analysis.【Result】The resistant ratios of Tetranychus urticae to abamectin,fenpropathrin and spirodiclofen were 603.03 times,167.65 times and 51.77 times,and the resistance developmental trends were “slow fast slow”,“slow fast” and “slowly rising”.Compared with SS strain,3 detoxification enzyme activities of Mp-R strain did not appear sharp rise in different developmental stages.Heritability of Mp-R strain to spirodiclofen,fenpropathrin and abamectin was 0.020 3,0.038 7 and 0.064 2.Relative fitness of Mp-R strain was 0.381 8,indicating that there was reproduction disadvantage in Mp-R strain.【Conclusion】The heritability was in a decreasing order of abamectin > fenpropathrin > spirodiclofen,and the resistant risk was in the same order.Mixture of abamectin,spirodiclofen and fenpropathrin was beneficial resistance control of Tetranychus urticae. |
| Key words: Tetranychus urticae multiple resistance detoxification enzyme heritability relative fitness |
