| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 筛选出适合柑橘皮渣青贮的乳酸菌，以获得柑橘皮渣青贮制剂最佳菌株。【方法】 采用平板划线法从自然发酵的柑橘皮渣和添加秸秆发酵的柑橘皮渣中初步分离乳酸菌，对其进行形态学和生理生化鉴定；再通过产酸性试验、耐酸耐碱性试验、生长曲线、产有机酸情况等进行优良菌的复筛及其种属鉴定。以直接青贮为对照，利用优良菌发酵青贮柑橘皮渣，分析测定皮渣品质。【结果】 初选的12株乳酸菌中有7株为乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)细菌，5株为片球菌属(Pediococcus)细菌。经过产酸性试验、耐酸耐碱性试验、产有机酸情况等筛选出1株优良菌株Q5，该菌株经16S rDNA鉴定为植物乳杆菌。该菌株产酸快（pH可下降到3.48），发酵2 h即可进入对数生长期，耐酸耐碱能力强，主要产乳酸和乙酸。利用该菌青贮的柑橘皮渣粗蛋白含量等有所提高，达到广谱青贮剂的水平，优于直接青贮。【结论】 菌株Q5是适合青贮柑橘皮渣的优良菌，可作为柑橘皮渣青贮的菌种来源。 |
| 关键词: 柑橘皮渣 青贮 乳酸菌 菌种筛选 有机酸 |
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| 基金项目:国家级星火计划重点项目（2014GA81101）；重庆市研究生创新型科研项目（CYS14173） |
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| Screening of excellent lactic acid bacteria for silage with citrus peel residue and its silage effect |
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PAN Xiaomei,PENG Rong,YIN Zhongyi,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The aim of this paper was to screen the excellent Lactobacillus for silage with citrus peel residue.【Method】 Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from natural ensilaged citrus residue and fermented citrus peel residue with straw by streak plate method.Based on morphological observation,physiological and biochemical tests of the strains isolated,strains were screened and compared through acid production,acid and alkali yield,and growth curve.【Result】 7 of the 12 preliminarily screened strains were Lactobacillus,and the other 5 were Pediococcus.The excellent Q5 strain was Lactobacillus plantarum,which grew fast (could reach exponential stage within 2 h),produced acid quickly (pH could decrease to 3.48) and resisted acid and alkali strongly.The crude protein of citrus peel residue increased with Q5 strain.The composition of ensiled citrus peel had no significant difference and the quality was better than those with directly ensiled citrus peel.【Conclusion】 The Q5 strain could be used as a source of bacterial species for ensiling citrus peel residue. |
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