| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索谷类作物适宜的锌肥种类及施用方式，为高效土施锌肥提供参考。【方法】设置连续两季小麦田间定位试验，以不施锌肥为对照，选取ZnEDTA（4 kg/hm2）和ZnSO4（20 kg/hm2）2种锌源，采用均施和条施2种施锌方式，比较不同锌肥以不同方式施入土壤后，在连续两季小麦种植过程中土壤Zn形态的转化规律及有效性的差异。【结果】与均施锌肥相比，条施ZnEDTA和ZnSO4 2种锌肥后，在第1季土壤有效锌、交换态锌、松结有机态锌的增加率分别为20.87%和374.03%，3 497.36%和1 077.39%，41.14%和256.38%，第2季增加效果有所降低；与4 kg/hm2 ZnEDTA处理相比，20 kg/hm2 ZnSO4处理采用均施和条施2种方式均可以增加土壤有效锌及松结有机态锌、碳酸盐结合态锌含量，且两季的增加效果均较好，但与第1季相比，第2季的效果极大降低；ZnEDTA处理均施和条施均可在第1季保持较高的交换态锌含量（平均为0.26 mg/kg），而在第2季该形态锌大部分被固定（平均含量为0.02 mg/kg）。【结论】条施较低量的ZnEDTA可有效增加当季作物土壤中的有效锌含量，但对后季作物生长过程中土壤有效锌含量的提升效果较小。 |
| 关键词: 石灰性土壤 小麦 锌源 施锌方式 锌有效性 锌形态 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41371288）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD14B11） |
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| Effect of Zn source and application method on Zn form and availability in soil |
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LIU Juanhua,GUO Chunhui,CHEN Yanlong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study obtained suitable Zn sources and application methods to provide basis for efficient application of Zn fertilizer.【Method】A field trial was carried out over two consecutive cropping seasons,with no Zn application as control and four treatments of two Zn sources (ZnEDTA with 4 kg/hm2 and ZnSO4 with 20 kg/hm2) and two application methods (broadcast and band).The soil zinc fractions and Zn availability during the two consecutive wheat cropping seasons were compared.【Result】Compared to broadcast application,band application of ZnEDTA and ZnSO4 increased soil DTPA-Zn,exchangeable Zn (Ex-Zn),and weakly bond to organic matter Zn (Wbo-Zn) by 20.87% and 374.03%，3 497.36% and 1 077.39%,and 41.14% and 256.38% in the first season,and these fractions reduced slightly in the subsequent season.Compared to 4 kg/hm2 EDTA-Zn application,20 kg/hm2 ZnSO4 application increased the contents of soil DTPA-Zn,Wbo-Zn,and carbonate bond Zn (Carb-Zn) in both seasons,although the effect in the subsequent season was lower.EDTA-Zn application could maintain high content of Ex-Zn in the first season （with an average of 0.26 mg/kg）,and most of the Ex Zn was fixed in the subsequent season（with an average of 0.02 mg/kg）.【Conclusion】In conclusion,band application of low level of EDTA-Zn could effectively increase soil DTPA-Zn content in the first cropping season,while the efficiency was lower in the subsequent cropping season. |
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