| 摘要: |
| 【目的】了解长期不同施肥处理土壤的供氮能力，从而为确定合适的氮肥用量提供理论依据。【方法】采用间歇淋洗好气培养法，研究小麦 休闲轮作下长期不同施肥处理（No-F.20年不施肥处理；NPK.20年施用NPK肥处理；MNPK.20年有机肥与NPK肥配施处理）土壤0～20，20～40和40～60 cm土层土壤氮素矿化特性。【结果】与NPK处理相比，MNPK处理明显提高了0～20和20～40 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮、氮素矿化累积量和氮素矿化势（N0）；与No-F处理相比，MNPK处理明显提高了0～60 cm土层土壤氮素矿化累积量和氮素矿化势。3种施肥处理下，0～20，20～40，40～60 cm土层N0占土壤全氮的比例分别为19%～23%，9%～12%，6%；各土层中MNPK处理下该比例值均最高。0～20，20～40和40～60 cm土层氮素矿化累积量分别占0～60 cm土层的62%～71%，20%～27%和9%～12%。不同施肥处理中，MNPK处理0～20 cm土层氮素矿化累积量占0～60 cm 土层的比例最高。【结论】有机肥与无机肥长期配施明显提高了0～60 cm土层土壤供氮能力。 |
| 关键词: 长期施肥 土壤 氮素 矿化特性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31372137)；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD15B04） |
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| Effect of different long-term fertilization treatments on nitrogen mineralization characteristics in soil |
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ZHAO Wei,LIANG Bin,ZHOU Jianbin
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to understand the soil nitrogen supplying capacity of different long-term fertilization treatments.【Method】An intermittent leaching aerobic incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different long-term fertilization treatments (No-F,no fertilizer for 20 years;NPK,applied NPK fertilizers for 20 years;and MNPK,applied cattle manure plus NPK fertilizers for 20 years) on N mineralization in soil layers of 0-20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm in winter wheat-summer fallow rotation system.【Result】Compared with the NPK treatment,the MNPK treatment significantly increased soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,cumulative mineralized N and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N0) in soil layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm.The cumulative N and N0 in layer of 0-60 cm were significantly higher in the MNPK treatment than in the No-F treatment.For all treatments,the proportions of N0 to total N were 19%-23%,9%-12% and 6% in layers of 0-20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm,respectively.The proportion of N0 to total N was the highest in the MNPK treatment.The ratios of cumulative N in layers of 0-20 cm,20-40 cm,and 40-60 cm were 62%-71%,20%-27%,and 9%-12%,respectively.The MNPK treatment had the highest ratio of cumulative N in layer 0-20 cm to layer 0-60 cm.【Conclusion】Long-term combined application of cattle manure with inorganic fertilizer was an efficient way to enhance the nitrogen supplying capacity in soil layer of 0-60 cm. |
| Key words: long-term fertilization soil nitrogen mineralization characteristics |
