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花椒窄吉丁对寄主挥发物的触角电位及行为反应
袁丽芳1, 谢寿安1, 刘绥鹏,等1
西北农林科技大学 林学院
摘要:
【目的】探明寄主挥发物对花椒窄吉丁的引诱或驱避作用,为研制和开发花椒窄吉丁植物源引诱剂或驱避剂提供理论依据。【方法】利用固相微萃取和GC-MS分析花椒健康植株和受花椒窄吉丁危害植株不同部位的主要挥发性化合物,并采用触角电位仪(EAG)和Y型嗅觉仪测定花椒窄吉丁对寄主植物挥发物的触角电位和行为反应。【结果】健康花椒叶片中主要含β-石竹烯(13.27%)、反式β-罗勒烯(16.82%)和α-罗勒烯(16.42%),嫩枝中主要含β-石竹烯(25.98%)、乙酸香叶酯(15.89%)和荜澄茄油烯(17.27%),韧皮部主要含(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯(25.91%)和β-石竹烯(47.98%)。花椒受虫害后各部位的月桂烯、(1R)-(+)-柠檬烯和乙酸芳樟酯的相对含量均升高,β-石竹烯和乙酸香叶酯相对含量均降低;韧皮部有新的挥发物α 水芹烯等生成。11种挥发物均能引起花椒窄吉丁的触角电位(EAG)反应,且多数挥发物在100 μg/μL时引起成虫的EAG反应最强,但β-蒎烯在10 μg/μL时引起两性成虫最大的EAG反应绝对值,(1R)-(+)-柠檬烯、月桂烯在10 μg/μL时引起雌虫最大的EAG反应绝对值,在100 μg/μL时引起雄虫最大的EAG反应绝对值。11种挥发物中乙酸香叶酯、桉叶油醇、葎草烯引起花椒窄吉丁的EAG反应相对较弱。除α-水芹烯,两性成虫对挥发物的EAG反应不存在显著的性别差异。行为反应测定结果表明,(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯在1 μg/μL时对雌雄成虫均有显著地驱避作用,β-蒎烯在0.1 μg/μL时对雄虫有显著地驱避作用,β-石竹烯在10 μg/μL时对雌虫有显著驱避作用(P<0.05)。0.1 μg/μL的水芹烯、10和100 μg/μL月桂烯、0.1和1 μg/μL (1R)-(+)-柠檬烯对雄虫具有明显的引诱作用。0.1~10 μg/μL乙酸芳樟酯对雌虫具有引诱作用,在100 μg/μL时却表现出驱避作用。【结论】花椒受虫害后各部位挥发物的种类和相对含量发生改变,其中月桂烯、(1R)-(+)-柠檬烯和乙酸芳樟酯的相对含量明显升高,β-石竹烯、乙酸香叶酯的相对含量明显降低,并有新物质α-水芹烯等生成。0.1 μg/μL α-水芹烯、10~100 μg/μL月桂烯、0.1~1 μg/μL(1R)-(+)-柠檬烯、0.1~10 μg/μL乙酸芳樟酯对花椒窄吉丁具有引诱作用,1~100 μg/μL(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯、0.1 μg/μL β-蒎烯、10 μg/μL β-石竹烯对花椒窄吉丁具有驱避作用。
关键词:  花椒窄吉丁  寄主植物  挥发物  触角电位  行为反应
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:国家公益性行业(林业)科研专项(201504324);西北农林科技大学2013年度试验示范站(基地)科技创新与成果转化专项(XNY2013-31)
Electroantennogram and behavioural responses of Agrilus zanthoxylumi<.i> to volatiles from Zanthoxylum bungeanum
YUAN Lifang,XIE Shouan,LIU Suipeng,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This study explored the attractive or repellent effects of host plant volatiles on Agrilus zanthoxylumi to provide theoretical basis for developing attractants or repellents.【Method】The volatile components were extracted by solid phase micro-extraction and analyzed by GC-MS.The electroantennogram (EAG) and Y tube olfactomcter were used to test the response of Agrilus zanthoxylumi to volatile components.【Result】β-caryophyllene(13.27%),trans-β-ocimene(16.82%),and α-ocimene(16.42%) were measured in leaves of healthy Zanthoxylum bungeanum.β-caryophyllene (25.98%),geranyl acetate (15.89%),and cubebene (17.27%) were mainly in twig,and (1R)-(+)-α-pinene (25.91%) and β-caryophyllene(47.98%) were mainly in phloem.When Zanthoxylum bungeanum was damaged by Agrilus zanthoxylumi,the relative contents of mycene,(1R)-(+)-limonene and linalyl acetate increased while that of β-caryophyllene and geranyl acetate decreased.New volatiles like α-phellandrene were also produced in phloem.All the 11 volatiles caused Agrilus zanthoxylumi EAG response,especially at the concentration of 100 μg/μL.β-pinene at the concentration of 10 μg/μL caused the largest response.Mycene and (1R)-(+)-limonene caused maximum EAG value for female at the concentration of 10 μg/μL,and for male at the concentration of 100 μg/μL.Except α-phellandrene,there were no significant differences in the EAG response both male and female adults.As for behavior response,(1R)-(+)-α-pinene at the concentration of 1 μg/μL had repellent effect on both male and female,β-pinene at the concentration of 0.1 μg/μL had repellent effect on male,and β-caryophyllene at the concentration of 10 μg/μL had significant effect on female (P<0.05).α-phellandrene at the concentration of 0.1 μg/μL,mycene at the concentration of 10 or 100 μg/μL,and (1R)-(+)-limonene at the concentration of 0.1 or 1 μg/μL attracted male.Linalyl acetate at the lower concentration (0.1-10 μg/μL) attracted female,but at the concentration of 100 μg/μL it exhibited repellent effect.【Conclusion】The varieties and contents of volatiles changed when Zanthoxylum bungeanum was damaged by Agrilus zanthoxylumi with increase of mycene,(1R)-(+)-limonene,and linalyl acetate and decrease of β-caryophyllene and geranyl acetate,and α-phellandrnee were produced in phloem.α-phellandrnee (0.1 μg/μL),mycene (10-100 μg/μL),(1R)-(+)-limonene (0.1-1 μg/μL) and linalyl acetate(0.1-10 μg/μL) had attractive effects to Agrilus zanthoxylumi,while (1R)-(+)-α-pinene (1-100 μg/μL),β-pinene(0.1 μg/μL) and β-caryophyllene (10 μg/μL) had repellent effects.
Key words:  Agrilus zanthoxylumi  host plant  volatile  EAG  behavior response