| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为了确定半喂入式花生摘果机合理摘果部件的结构形式及作业参数，对不同结构、参数摘果叶片及不同作业条件摘果辊的摘果性能进行虚拟仿真研究。【方法】利用虚拟样机技术在UG软件中建立了半喂入式花生摘果机三维实体模型，在此基础上建立了摘果部件运动分析主模型，通过UG用户界面模块、求解器模块和后处理模块，对摘果过程进行了仿真分析，测试了不同结构、参数下摘果机叶片的运动速度特性，并利用仿真正交试验方法测试了不同作业条件对摘果机作业性能的影响。【结果】虚拟仿真测试表明：叶片结构形式对摘果效果影响较大，在相同作业条件下，直板型、折弯型、圆弧型叶片的水平径向速度分别为0.70～4.28，0.83～3.99和0.56～3.60 m/s，垂直速度分别为0.32～3.93，0.10～3.60和0.27～3.31 m/s，其中直板型叶片打击作用最强，折弯型叶片打击力有所减弱，但梳刷作用增强，圆弧形叶片打击力相对最弱，梳刷作用最为柔和；圆弧型叶片参数对摘果效果也有较大影响，叶片圆弧半径越大，则后倾弧度越小，摘果过程中打击力相对增大，梳刷作用相对降低，当圆弧半径为50 mm时叶片打击效果最好，梳刷效果最差；摘果辊转速对摘果效果影响显著，随转速增大打击力及梳刷作用均有所增强；夹持输送速度对摘果效果的影响与摘果辊水平转角及摘果辊与加持输送链夹角有关，随夹持输送速度增大，打击力及梳刷作用增强，且对打击力的影响强于梳刷作用；当摘果辊转速为500 r/min、夹持输送速度为1.5 m/s时，摘果作用最强。【结论】通过虚拟仿真技术，获得了半喂入式花生摘果机的作业参数与摘果叶片结构以及作业参数对摘果作业的影响效果，为花生摘果部件的设计及结构参数的优化提供了参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 花生摘果机 半喂入式 摘果辊 运动仿真 正交试验 |
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| 基金项目:安徽省自然科学基金项目（1408085ME103） |
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| Virtual simulation and experimental research of half-feed peanut picker |
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Lü Xiaorong,Lü Xiaolian,WANG Tingyu,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Virtual simulation was conducted to test performance of picking blade with different structures,parameters and operating conditions and determine reasonable structure and operation parameters for half－feed peanut picker.【Method】Using virtual prototyping technology,the three－dimensional model of half－feed peanut picker was established in UG.Then,the motion analysis main model of picking parts was established.With the assistance of UG user interface module,calculation module and post process module,the picking process was simulated and analyzed,the movement velocity characteristics of the blade in different structures and parameters were tested,and the influences of different operating conditions were tested based on orthogonal test method.【Result】Blade structure had large effects on picking performance.Under same working conditions,the horizontal radial velocities of straight board,bend and arc blades were 0.70-4.28 m/s,0.83-3.99 m/s,and 0.56-3.60 m/s,and their vertical velocities were 0.32-3.93 m/s,0.10-3.60 m/s,and 0.27-3.31 m/s,respectively.Hitting force of straight board blade was the strongest,the hitting force of bend blade was less but its brushing force was enhanced.The hitting force of the arc blade was the weakest,but its brushing force was the softest.The parameters of arc blade also had large effects on picking performance.Bigger arc radius had smaller backward radian,and the hitting force increased while brushing force decreased during picking process.The arc radius of 50 mm had the best hitting effect and worst brushing effect.Picking roller rotation speed had significant effects on pick performance.With the increase of rotation speed,the hitting and brushing forces were enhanced.The influence of the clamping conveying speed was related to the horizontal angle of picking roller and the angle of picking roller to clamping conveying chain.With the increase of clamping conveying speed,the hitting and brushing forces were enhanced,and the impact on hitting force was stronger than that on brushing force.When the speed of picking roller was 500 r/min and the speed of clamp conveyor was 1.5 m/s,picking role of the half-feed peanut picker was the strongest.【Conclusion】Through virtual simulation technology,the effects of operating parameters and structure of picking blade on picking performance of the half feed peanut picker were obtained.The research results provide basis and reference for the design and optimum of structure parameters of the picking parts. |
| Key words: peanut picker half－feed type movement simulation orthogonal test |
