| 摘要: |
| 【目的】评估我国4个产区酿酒葡萄赤霞珠果实品质最佳的粒径范围。【方法】于2014年在山东烟台、陕西泾阳、宁夏玉泉营、云南香格里拉4个产区采集酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠（Vitis vinifera L.cv.Cabernet Sauvignon）果实，将各产地的果实按粒径大小分为＞14 mm、≥12～≤14 mm、＜12 mm 3个等级，分别测定各粒径范围果实的分布规律，果皮、果肉和种子质量占果粒质量的比例及果实糖、酸、酚类物质含量等主要品质指标，运用主成分分析法对4个产区各粒径范围的果实品质进行综合评价。【结果】陕西泾阳、山东烟台地区粒径＞14 mm、≥12～≤14 mm赤霞珠果实偏多，宁夏玉泉营地区粒径＞14 mm果实偏多，云南香格里拉地区粒径≥12～≤14 mm果实明显多于其他2个等级；4个地区葡萄果皮占果实质量的比例均随粒径的减小而增大，表现为云南香格里拉＞宁夏玉泉营＞山东烟台＞陕西泾阳；种子占果实质量比例随粒径的减小而减小，表现为陕西泾阳＞山东烟台＞云南香格里拉＞宁夏玉泉营；每颗果实平均种子数和平均单粒种子质量均随粒径的减小而减小；4个产区还原糖质量浓度最高时的果实粒径分别为：陕西泾阳、宁夏玉泉营≥12～≤14 mm，山东烟台＜12 mm，云南香格里拉＞14 mm；4个产区总酸质量浓度最高时的果实粒径分别为：陕西泾阳、山东烟台＜12 mm，云南香格里拉地区＞14 mm，宁夏玉泉营地区果实的总酸质量浓度不受粒径影响；4个产区酚类物质含量最高时的果实粒径分别为：陕西泾阳≥12～≤14 mm，山东烟台、宁夏玉泉营＜12 mm，云南香格里拉＞14 mm。【结论】粒径对果实品质的影响因地而异，4个产区果实综合品质最佳的粒径分布为：云南香格里拉＞14 mm，陕西泾阳≥12～≤14mm、宁夏玉泉营与山东烟台＜12 mm。 |
| 关键词: 赤霞珠 葡萄产区 果粒粒径 葡萄品质 |
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| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-zp-09) |
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| Optimal berry size range of Cabernet Sauvignon from different regions |
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TANG Yonghong,LIU Meiying,WANG Ye,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study aimed to get optimum berry size range of Cabernet Sauvignon in different regions in China.【Method】Vitis vinifera L.cv.Cabernet Sauvignon berries were collected from Yantai,Shandong,Jingyang,Shaanxi,Yuquanying,Ningxia,and Shangri-La,Yunnan in 2014.The samples were grouped to three ranges of >14 mm,≥12-≤14 mm and ＜12 mm,and the ratios of skin and seed of the berries and main berry quality indices including sugar,acid and phenolic compounds were measured,and the comprehensive assessment of quality of grapes in different size ranges was conducted using principal component analysis.【Result】In Jingyang,Shaanxi and Yantai,Shandong the ratios of ＞14 mm and ≥12-≤14 mm berries were high,in Yuquanying,Ningxia the ratio of ＞14 mm berries was the highest,and in Shangri-La,Yunnan,the ratio of ≥12-≤14 mm berries was the highest.The ratio of skin increased as the increase of berry size,and the ratios were in the order of Shangri-La,Yunnan＞Yuquanying,Ningxia＞Yantai,Shandong＞Jingyang,Shaanxi.The ratio of seed decreased with the increase of berry size,and the ratios were in the order of Jingyang,Shaanxi＞Yantai,Shandong＞Shangri-La,Yunnan＞Yuquanying,Ningxia.The average number of seeds per berry and weight of single seed decreased as the increase of berry size.In Jingyang,Shaanxi and Yuquanying,Ningxia,the size with highest sugar content was ≥12-≤14 mm,in Yantai,Shandong it was ＜12 mm,while in Shangri La,Yunnan it was ＞14 mm.The sizes with highest acid content were ＜12 mm in Jingyang,Shaanxi and Yantai,Shandong,and ＞14 mm in Shangri-La,Yunnan.In Yuquanying,Ningxia,grapes acid content was not affected by berry size.The sizes with highest phenolic compounds were ≥12-≤14 mm in Jingyang,Shaanxi,＜12 mm in Yantai,Shandong and Yuquanying,Ningxia,and ＞14 mm in Shangri-La,Yunnan.【Conclusion】The effects of size range on berry quality were different among the four regions.The optimal size ranges were ＞14 mm in Shangri-La,Yunnan,≥12-≤14 mm in Jingyang,Shaanxi,and <12 mm in Yuquanying,Ningxia and Yantai,Shandong. |
| Key words: Cabernet Sauvignon grape regions berry size grape quality |
