| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对洛氏鱥生长发育的影响，为优化洛氏鱥饲料配方提供参考。【方法】以体质量（8.06±0.95） g/尾的洛氏鱥为研究对象，以鱼粉和发酵豆粕为蛋白源，糊精与面粉为糖源，玉米油、鱼油为脂肪源，纤维素为填充物，配制成5种等氮(粗蛋白含量为380.0 g/kg)、等能(总能为15.20 MJ/kg)的半精制饲料，其中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例分别为0.0%(对照)，16.5%，33.0%，49.5%和66.0%，将600尾洛氏鱥随机分成5组，分别用上述5种饲料进行为期8周的饲养试验。试验结束后采用国标方法测定其肌肉营养成分，并采用试剂盒测定洛氏鱥血清中碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及溶菌酶（LZM）的活性。【结果】在本试验条件下，随着发酵豆粕替代鱼粉比例的增加，洛氏鱥的终末体质量、体质量增加率及特定生长率、蛋白质沉积率均呈下降趋势，当发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为49.5%和66.0%时，洛氏鱥终末体质量、体质量增加率、特定生长率及蛋白质沉积率均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；当发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为66.0%时，其饲料效率、蛋白质效率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。随着发酵豆粕替代鱼粉比例的增加，洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质量分数呈下降趋势， 其中49.5%和66.0%豆粕替代组洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质量分数均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），而各组洛氏鱥肌肉中的水分、粗脂肪和粗灰分差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为49.5%和66.0%时，洛氏鱥血清中的SOD和LZM活性显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），而AKP活性在各组之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。【结论】在本试验条件下，洛氏鱥配合饲料中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例不超过33.0%时，其对洛氏鱥生长、饲料利用及非特异免疫指标均无显著影响。 |
| 关键词: 洛氏鱥 发酵豆粕 生长发育 饲料利用 非特异性免疫 |
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| 基金项目:吉林省科技厅科技发展计划项目（20160204019NY，20130409013CB） |
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| Effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean on growth performance,feed utilization and non-specifoc immune indexes of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski |
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YAN Lei,ZU Xiujie,WU Lifang,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The research investigated the effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean on growth performance,feed utilization and non specific immune response of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski.【Method】Fermented soybean meal were used to replace 0.0 (control),16.5%,33.0%,49.5%,and 66.0% of fish meal in five iso-caloric (total energy of 15.20 MJ/kg) and iso-nitrogenous (crude protein content of 380.0 g/kg) diets,which used fish meal and fermented soybean as protein source,dextrin and flour as carbohydrate source,corn oil and fish oil as fat source,and cellulose as filler.Each diet was fed to Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski with initial mean weight of （8.06±0.95） g for 8 weeks.After the feeding trial,national standard methods were used for determining muscle nutrients,and kits were used to measure activities of serum alkaline acid enzyme (AKP),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme (LZM).【Result】With the increase of fermented soybean ratio,final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein deposition rate decreased,and they were significantly lower than that of the control group when the ratios were 49.5% and 66.0% (P<0.05).Protein efficiency and feed efficiency of 66.0% group were also decreased significantly (P<0.05).The crude proteins in muscle of 49.5% and 66.0% groups were decreased significantly (P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in moisture,crude fat,and crude ash (P＞0.05).The SOD and LZM activities in serum of 49.5% and 66.0% groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05),while AKP activities in 16.5%,33.0% and 49.5% groups had no significant difference from that of the control (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】Replacement of less than 33.0% fish meal with fermented soybean had no significant effects on growth performance,feed utilization and non specific immune indexes of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski. |
| Key words: Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski fermented soybean growth performance feed utilization non-specific immune |
