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陕西杨凌日光温室畜禽有机肥氮素有效性研究
周 博1, 王 虎1, 吴 薇,等1
杨凌职业技术学院 生态环境工程学院
摘要:
【目的】研究新建日光温室土壤中畜禽有机肥氮素的有效性,为科学施肥提供理论依据。【方法】以“金鹏一号”番茄为材料,采用盆栽试验,以不施氮肥(对照,CK)和施用化肥(C-F)为参照,利用生物耗竭法研究了7个鸡粪和3个牛粪对番茄生长的影响,分析了不同施肥处理番茄的氮素携出量、氮素利用率及氮素当量有效含量(MFE-N),最后分析了不同施肥处理对土壤氮素含量的影响。【结果】以CK相比,不同畜禽有机肥均能显著增加番茄的地上部分和根系生物量,鸡粪和牛粪处理分别使番茄氮素携出量平均提高了84.4% 和53.6%。鸡粪处理平均氮素利用率和MFE-N分别为33.71% 和39.63%,显著高于牛粪 (23.13%和27.86%)。试验结束时,鸡粪与牛粪处理间的平均土壤全氮含量无显著差异,但均显著高于CK和C-F。畜禽有机肥处理的土壤铵态氮含量与CK和C-F总体无显著差异,但其硝态氮含量显著高于CK和C-F。【结论】不同畜禽有机肥均具有明显的氮素肥效,可替代部分氮素化肥,但氮素供肥特性存在较大差异。
关键词:  日光温室  盆栽试验  番茄  有机肥  氮素有效性
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:陕西省教育厅项目(2013JK0733);杨凌职业技术学院科学研究基金项目(A2014030)
Nitrogen availability of different livestock manures in solar greenhouse in Yangling,Shaanxi
ZHOU Bo,WANG Hu,WU Wei,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This study investigated the effectiveness of organic nitrogen in soil of newly built solar greenhouse to provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization.【Method】This study applied pot experiment and biological depletion methods to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer (7 chicken and 3 cattle manures) on growth of “Jing Peng NO.1” tomato.By using no nitrogen fertilizer treatment as control (CK) and chemical fertilizer treatment (C-F) as comparison,the nitrogen uptaking amount,nitrogen utilization rate,and average equivalent of mineral nitrogen rate (MFE-N) of tomato were analyzed in different fertilization treatments.The effect of different fertilization treatments on soil nitrogen content was also analyzed.【Result】Comparing with the CK,chicken manure and cow dung significantly increased above ground biomass and root biomass of tomato.The nitrogen uptaking amounts were increased by 84.4% and 53.6%,respectively.Nitrogen utilization rate and average equivalent of MFE-N using chicken manure were 33.71% and 39.63%,significantly higher than that of cow dung (23.13% and 27.86%).At the end of experiment,no significant overall differences were observed in averaged soil total nitrogen content between chicken manure and cow dung,but they were significantly higher than that of CK and C-F.There was no significant difference in contents of soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen between livestock manure organic fertilizer treatments,C-F and CK.【Conclusion】The nitrogen availability of different organic fertilizers was significant with large differences.Organic fertilizers can be used to replace some chemical fertilizers.
Key words:  greenhouse  pot experiment  tomato  organic manure  nitrogen availability