| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究苹果树进入休眠期前的碳代谢规律，探讨碳代谢与进入休眠的关系。【方法】以富士苹果树1年生枝为试材，分析其韧皮部、木质部和芽中可溶性总糖、还原糖、蔗糖和淀粉的含量及其相关酶（酸性转化酶（AI）、中性转化酶（NI）、蔗糖合成酶（SS）、蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）和淀粉酶）活性的变化。【结果】随着休眠期的推进，蔗糖、还原糖和可溶性总糖含量在果树不同部位的分布为韧皮部>芽>木质部，且任意两者糖组分之间均极显著正相关；进入休眠期前，果树木质部中淀粉含量不断积累，其他碳水化合物含量变化不大，在休眠期之后，木质部中淀粉与可溶性总糖含量显著性负相关（相关系数为－0.856*）。树体进入休眠期前后，芽中各酶活性均高于韧皮部；韧皮部和芽中AI活性与蔗糖含量极显著性负相关（相关系数分别为－0.909**，－0.783**）；芽中SPS活性与蔗糖含量显著正相关（相关系数为0.649*）。【结论】苹果在进入休眠期前，木质部开始储藏淀粉，随着休眠期的来临，木质部中积累的大量淀粉被分解使可溶性糖含量升高，与此同时，各部位的蔗糖含量快速上升，这与SPS活性的升高、AI活性的降低有关。 |
| 关键词: 富士苹果树 休眠期前 枝条 芽 碳代谢 |
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| 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAD10B02）；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目（2011KTZB02-02-04） |
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| Carbon metabolism of Fuji before dormancy |
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LI Yan,WEN Zhijing,WEI Chanchan,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the carbon metabolism of apple tree before dormancy period.【Method】Annual shoots of Fuji were selected to analyze soluble sugar,reducing sugar,sucrose,starch contents and changes in activities of related enzymes (AI,NI,SS,SPS and amylase) in xylem,phloem and bud.【Result】Along with the advancement of dormancy,the distribution of sucrose,reducing sugar and total soluble sugar content in different parts of trees was in the order of phloem>bud>xylem,and the correlation between any two was significantly positive.Before dormancy,starch content in xylem continued to accumulate,while other carbohydrate contents barely changed.At early dormancy starch and soluble sugar contents in the xylem had significant negative correlation with coefficient of －0.856*.During the experiment,enzyme activities in bud were higher than in phloem.AI and sucrose content had significant negative correlation in phloem and bud with coefficients of －0.909** and －0.783**,respectively.SPS and sucrose content in bud was significantly positively related with coefficient of 0.649*.【Conclusion】Before dormancy,the xylem began to store starch,which was hydrolyzed during dormancy to form soluble sugar.At the same time,sucrose content in each organ increased rapidly relating to increase of SPS activity and decrease of AI activity. |
| Key words: Fuji apple before dormancy shoot bud carbon metabolism |
