| 摘要: |
| 【目的】利用分子标记技术对吉单系列玉米品种亲本自交系的遗传关系进行剖析，为今后自交系类群划分和杂交种组配奠定基础。 【方法】利用49对SSR荧光标记对2000-2009年审定的吉单系列玉米品种亲本自交系进行分析，根据Nei’s遗传距离，利用UMGMA 聚类法和主成分分析法进行分析。【结果】49对标记在65份自交系间共检测出340个等位基因变异，每对引物检测出3～12个等位基因，平均6.94个，平均多态性信息量0.601，平均基因多样性指数0.644。Nei’s遗传距离变化于0.15～2.26，平均1.05。将65份自交系划分为Reid群、兰卡斯特、PB、四平头、旅大红骨、Volga和其他等7个类群，其中以Reid群、兰卡斯特、四平头、PB和Volga这5个类群为主。主要应用的杂种优势模式有Reid群×四平头群、兰卡斯特群×四平头群、Reid群×Volga群、兰卡斯特群×PB群、Reid群×兰卡斯特群和Reid群×PB群等6种，尤其以Reid群×四平头群、兰卡斯特群×四平头群和Reid群×Volga群这3种杂种优势模式占优势。确定了以吉V022、吉V993为代表的欧洲Volag种质与我国的Reid群、兰卡斯特、四平头等类群存在距离，并独立成群，建立了Reid群×Volga和四平头群×Volga 2个新的杂种优势模式，育成吉单519、吉单535、吉单522、吉单505、吉单517等一系列玉米品种并大面积推广应用。【结论】2000-2009年的吉单系列玉米品种具有较丰富的遗传多样性，在涵盖我国主要玉米类群的基础上，还具有Volag这一独特类群。 |
| 关键词: 吉单系列玉米 SSR荧光标记 遗传基础 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家科技技撑计划项目（2014BAD01B01）；吉林省自然科学基金项目（20130101110JC）；吉林省农业科技创新工程项目 |
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| Genetic analysis of Jidan maize varieties using fluorescent SSR markers |
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LIU Wenguo,ZHANG Zhijun,ZHAO Wanqing,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Genetic relationship of Jidan maize inbred lines was analyzed using fluorescent molecular markers to provide basis for improvement and utilization of maize inbred lines in future.【Method】In this study,49 fluorescent SSR markers were adopted in heterotic grouping of parent inbred lines from Jidan maize varieties between 2000 and 2009.According to Nei’s genetic distance,UPGMA and principal component analysis were conducted.【Result】The 49 SSR markers detected 340 alleles among 65 tested inbred lines.The average number of alleles per SSR locus was 6.94 with a range from 3 to 12.The averaged polymorphism information content (PIC) and gene diversity were 0.601 and 0.644,respectively.The Nei’s genetic distance ranged from 0.15 to 2.26 with an average of 1.05.The 65 inbred lines were divided into 7 clusters:Reid,Lancaster,PB,Sipingtou (SPT),Lüda red cob (LRC),Volga,and other.The first 5 clusters were widely used in Jidan maize varieties.The main heterosis patterns included Reid×SPT,Lancaster×SPT,Reid×Volga,Lancaster×PB,Reid×Lancaster and Reid×PB.The heterosis patterns with large proportion were Reid×SPT,Lancaster×SPT and Reid×Volga.The Volag cluster was firstly identified and independent from Reid,Lancaster and SPT.A series of maize varieties were widely used by establishment of two new heterotic patterns (Reid×Volga and SPT×Volga). 【Conclusion】Jidan maize varieties between 2000 and 2009 showed clear genetic diversity,including Volag,which is unique based on main maize groups in China. |
| Key words: Jidan series maize SSR marker genetic base |
